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The Finnish name for Ostrobothnia is Pohjanmaa, which literally means "bottom's land". The English word "Bothnia" is also derived from the Swedish word for "bottom".
One of the two commonly proposed etymologies for the name of Lapland is that it's a cognate of the Finnish word "lape", which is given these meanings by Wiktionary (https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Lappi#Finnish): "the flat of a blade", "any of the flat or sloped sides of a roof", "edge", "periphery".
"Lape" is derived from Proto-Uralic: "From Proto-Finnic *lap'eh, from Proto-Uralic *lappɜ. Related to Estonian lape, Livvi lappieh, Veps lapt, Erzya лапужа (lapuža), Komi-Permyak [script needed] (lap), Udmurt [script needed] (lapeg), Eastern Mari [script needed] (lap), Hungarian lapos, Khanty [script needed] (lăpsaχ) and Tundra Nenets [script needed] (lapcā-)."
The names Bjarmia and Perm might similarly be cognates of the Finnish word "perä", which means bottom. It has the cognate "бӧр" in Komi-Permyak: "From Proto-Finnic *perä, from Proto-Finno-Ugric *perä. Cognates include Estonian pära, Karelian perä, Livonian piera, Erzya пря (prja), Komi-Permyak бӧр (bör) and Udmurt бэр (ber)."
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perm#Etymology:
The name Perm is of Uralic etymology, likely of Finno-Ugric origin (Komi-Permyak: Перем, Perem; Komi: Перым, Perym). [...] In Finnish and Vepsian perämaa means "far-away land"; similarly, in Hungarian perem means "edge" or "verge".
https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Пермь#Этимология:
The main versions of the origin of the toponym are as follows [15][16]:
- from the Biarmia country mentioned in the Scandinavian sagas - this version was proposed in 1730 by F.I. von Stralenberg, it prevailed in historical research until the beginning of the XIX century and was accepted, in particular by V.N. Tatishchev, M.V. Lomonosov and N. M. Karamzin;
- from fin. perämaa, Veps. perämaa "back ground". According to modern Finno-Ugric scholars, others also go back to this word: Перемь, Перьмь, and others. Scand. Bjarmaland, which originally denoted a certain Baltic-Finnish territory on the White Sea coast. In the process of Old Russian colonization, the toponym Perm shifted east and was transferred to the ancestors of the Komi-Zyryans (Perm Vychegodskaya), and then the Komi-Permians (Perm Great) [17].
- from the Komi парма "forest". Max Fasmer notes the phonetic difficulties of this version.
I guess an etymology related to the word "парма" would make semantic sense as well. According to Finnish Wikipedia (https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parma_(Komi)), the word specifically means "korkealla paikalla kasvava kuusikko, aarniometsä, harjanne" ("spruce forest in an elevated location, primeval forest, ridge").
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