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Thread: Alan Cantwell on the origins of SARS

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    Default Alan Cantwell on the origins of SARS

    This is from the article "SARS, Bioterrorism and the Media" (2003) by Alan Cantwell (http://www.whale.to/a/cantwell6.html).

    The new pandemic of SARS (severe acute respiratory syndrome) should come as no surprise. For more than two decades health officials have warned about new diseases caused by "emerging" viruses. With each new disease outbreak we are reminded the 'Big One' will kill millions of people in the future. And with each new outbreak health officials blame Nature or animals.

    Many people seem reassured the number of SARS cases is still small when compared to the world population. As of May 28, 2003, there are 8,240 probable cases with 745 deaths. The virus has broken out in 30 countries, although 90% of cases are in Asia. The death rate is reported at 12%, but in people over the age of 60, it can go as high as 60%. SARS spreads more rapidly than HIV. In the US it took 5 years for AIDS to infect that many people; in Asia it took SARS 6 months.

    Except for mild cases, SARS is unlike the common cold and flu. In more severe cases pneumonia rapidly develops, along with great difficulty breathing ("acute respiratory distress"). Some victims require a mechanical respirator to breath, and patients who recover are often left with lungs that are permanently damaged. Unlike the AIDS virus, which greatly depresses the immune system, the SARS virus stimulates it so much that the overactive immune system causes damage to vital lung tissue.

    The mysterious SARS virus, reportedly a member of the coronavirus family, is a new virus never before seen by virologists. The air-borne contagious disease, spread by droplets from coughing, is an entirely new illness with devastating effects on the immune system, and there is no known treatment. Certainly SARS has the hallmarks of a bioweapon. After all, aren't new biological warfare agents designed to produce a new disease with a new infectious agent?

    According to the Washington-based Jamestown Foundation, at least one Russian scientist has suggested a link between SARS and biowarfare, On April 3, the Russian Interfax-AVN news service quoted Sergei Kolesnikov, a member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, as saying: "The propagation of the atypical pneumonia [SARS] may well be caused by a leak of a combat virus grown in Asian bacteriological weapons labs." Later, on April 12, Kolesnikov claimed the virus was a mixture of measles and mumps – one that could not occur naturally and could only be made in a laboratory.

    This accusation was never reported by the mainstream media, but brings to mind similar accusations Russian scientists made in December 1985 when they concluded the AIDS epidemic was caused by experiments carried out in the USA as part of the development of new biological weapons.

    [...]

    The earliest April 2003 media reports detailed a mysterious lung disease (acute respiratory syndrome or ARS) that broke out in Guangdong province in mainland China, close to the island of Hong Kong. Shortly thereafter, I received an email describing similar epidemics of ARS with many deaths in the Congo and on the island of Madagascar, off the coast of Eastern Africa, in the summer of 2002. In the beginning of the epidemic, the Chinese scientists claimed the lung disease was caused by a bacterium (a chlamydia); Western scientists and the World Health Organisation (WHO) suspected a coronavirus.

    [...] I typed-in "acute respiratory syndrome African cases 2002", and quickly discovered WHO reports of ARS in the summer and fall of 2002. In civil war-torn Congo, there were 4000 cases of ARS reported in October 2002, with 500 deaths, making the death rate 12%. In contrast, the Chinese mortality rate from SARS was initially (and erroneously) reported as 3-4%. Even though the African ARS death rate was four times higher, the WHO added the letter "S" and termed the epidemic in China "severe" ARS (SARS). In Madagascar, another country torn by civil strife, the ARS epidemic affected 22,646 people, with 153 deaths. Both epidemics were believed to be caused by influenza A virus, although none of the cases were tested for unusual coronavirus infection. None of these African pre-SARS epidemics were reported by the Western media.

    Within days of the first April reports, WHO investigators claimed Chinese health officials were lying by covering-up the first cases of SARS that occurred in mid-November 2002. It is possible the ARS epidemics in Africa had nothing to do with SARS in China. However, it is well known that Sub-Saharan Africa is a testing place for new vaccines and drugs, and presumably for biowarfare agents as well. By April 17, WHO officially recognised the new coronavirus as the cause of SARS, and named it the SARS virus. Could the new coronavirus/SARS virus be biological warfare? No one in the media was asking that question.

    [...]

    Dr. Mae-Wan Ho of the Institute for Science in Society cites a Journal of Virology report (Feb 2000) describing a method for inducing desired mutations into coronavirus to create new viruses. "A key feature of the procedure is to make interspecific chimera recombinant viruses. It involves replacing part of the spike protein gene in the feline (cat) infectious peritonitis (corona) virus (FIPV) – which causes invariably fatal infections in cats – with that of the mouse hepatitis (corona) virus. The recombinant mFIPV will no longer infect cat cells, but will infect mouse cells instead, and multiply rapidly in them." (PMID: 10627550)

    Ho continues: "Manipulating viral genomes is now routine, and it is easy to create new viruses that jump host species in the laboratory in the course of apparently legitimate experiments in genetic engineering. It is not even necessary to intentionally create lethal viruses, if one so wishes. It is actually much faster and much more effective to let random recombination and mutation take place in the test tube. Using a technique called 'molecular breeding', millions of recombinants can be generated in a matter of minutes. These can be screened for improved function in the case of enzymes, or increased virulence, in the case of viruses and bacteria. In other words, geneticists can now greatly speed up evolution in the laboratory to create viruses and bacteria that never existed in all the billions of years of evolution on earth." Ho asks: Why are scientists not held accountable like everyone else?

    The media constantly associate the SARS virus with a human coronavirus that causes the common cold, apparently in an effort to soothe the public. But they downplay the various coronaviruses which affect different animal and bird species and produce a variety of serious infections and fatal illness in various species of animals and birds. It is mostly these animal coronaviruses that have been genetically engineered.

    For example, there are three groups of coronaviruses. Group 1 contains the pig epidemic diarrhea virus, the pig transmissible gastroenteritis virus, canine (dog) coronavirus, feline (cat) infectious peritonitis, and human coronavirus. Group 2 contains the avian (bird) infectious bronchitis and the turkey coronavirus. Group 3 contains a murine (mouse) hepatitis virus, a bovine (cow) coronavirus, the rat sialoacryoadenitis virus, and porcine (pig) hemagglutinating encephomyelitis virus.

    According to Dr. Julie Gerberding, Director of the Centres for Disease Control (CDC) in Atlanta, the genetic analysis and sequencing of SARS were not helpful in determining the origins of the virus. "Unfortunately the clues from comparing it to the animal viruses have not given us any real leads... We can't say it's a mouse virus or a pig virus, or any other animal virus, necessarily, because it just isn't similar enough to the known species to be able to draw those conclusions." In mid-May, experiments inoculating SARS virus into chickens and pigs were unsuccessful, indicating SARS did not originate in Chinese pigs and chickens, as theorised.

    [...]

    In 1995, an abstract of an experiment details the species-mixing of mouse coronavirus with cow "mutant" (coronavirus) using these words: "Targeted RNA recombination was used to construct mouse hepatitis [corona] virus (MHV) mutants containing chimeric nucleocapsid (N) protein genes in which segments of the bovine [cow] coronavirus N gene were substituted in place of their corresponding MHV sequences. Our results demonstrate that targeted recombination can be used to make extensive substitutions in the coronavirus genome and can generate recombinants that could not otherwise be made between two viruses separated by a species barrier." (PMID: 7636993) In another 1997 gene therapy experiment, scientists mixed cat, human, and pig coronaviruses, and adapted them to human kidney cells (PMID: 9367365). These are just two examples of thousands of gene experiments found on PubMed. One can enter "rat sialoacryoadenitis virus and genetic engineering" and be referred to 1424 experiments.

    [...]

    Media journalists never mention the genetic engineering of coronaviruses, and never suggest SARS could be a lab-made virus. With each new emerging disease, the same litanies are presented. Too many people crowded together, the crowding of animals and birds in food production, international travel that carries viruses far and wide, closeness to farm animals, climate changes, destruction of the rain forest, etc.

    [...]

    On May 19, Lawrence Altman, M.D., the premier AIDS writer for the New York Times since 1981, asks: "Did the SARS virus jump species from an exotic animal in a food market in China to infect a human? If SARS is an animal virus, did it mutate to cause a new virus? Did the virus somehow come from another human coronavirus, perhaps mutating into a deadly form"? Altman tells us, "the scientific search into the origins of SARS is mainly focused on the wild game and food markets in Guangdong Province.... an area where merchants commonly sit on stacked cages of exotic animals in food stalls, a setting that could easily allow for the transfer of a virus from animals to humans."

    There is no reference to bioterrorism, or lab experimentation with coronaviruses. He notes epidemiologic clues, "and the Chinese practice of putting exotic species of animals on the dinner plate have led many scientists to theorise that SARS may have originated from handling or eating wild game." And, "because the molecular structure of the SARS virus does not resemble that of any known coronavirus, scientists theorise that it may have come from wild animals that had never been extensively studied."

    How can we deal with bioterrorism if we never seriously question whether any of these new emerging diseases are man-made? For example, the subject of HIV/AIDS as a man-made disease has been widely discussed in "conspiracy literature" since the disease became official in 1981. Yet the major media and the medical community totally dismiss this research as "conspiracy theory" or paranoia. (On google, "AIDS biological warfare" will refer you to 540 different Web sites.) My own two books on man-made AIDS (AIDS and the Doctors of Death and Queer Blood – available from New Dawn Book Service) have been ignored by the media, the medical authorities, and the AIDS establishment.

    Why does the mere mention of man-made disease bring up the spectre of "conspiracy theory" when, in fact, the production of genetically engineered infectious agents and the "introduction" of these agents into civilian populations are exactly what biowarfare programs are supposed to accomplish?

    How are scientists and journalists convinced a new biological agent is some "mutant" from Nature, when these same people don't seem to have a clue as to what has already been created in the arsenal of biowarfare researchers and bioterrorists, as well as in routine biomed laboratories.

    How can any independent researcher of biowarfare secure information on the subject when all these programs are Top Secret, with workers who are sworn to secrecy under penalty of jail time, or worse. Because there is a blackout on secret biowarfare, it is necessary for the media to concoct all sorts of other explanations (most of which are eventually proven wrong) to explain the "origin" of these new diseases. Any conflicting theories are labeled "conspiracy theory."

    When some classified government reports of civilian covert medical experimentation are released (usually after 30-50 years), these reports rarely make headlines. Decades after the fact, most of the victims of experimentation are dead and the story "old news." One must assume medical journalists cannot conceive the possibility that some emerging viruses might be new biowarfare agents introduced into civilian populations for experimentation purposes, or for population control, or genocide, or for attacks against certain specific political, cultural, racial, or religious groups, or against so-called deviants in society, such as homosexuals.

    [...]

    In the 1970s it was thought many infectious diseases had been banished from the industrialised world. But with the spectacular rise of genetic engineering over the last two decades, more than 30 new emerging diseases have appeared around the world. Some of the better-known diseases include AIDS, Legionnaire's disease, toxic shock syndrome, Lyme disease, hepatitis C, "mad cow disease", hanta virus, various new encephalitis and hemorrhagic viruses, Lassa fever, and Ebola virus. (New controversial diseases like chronic fatigue syndrome and Persian Gulf War Syndrome affecting Gulf War veterans are not included in the CDC's list of emerging diseases.) After 80 years of steady decline in infectious disease, the mortality rate in the US rose 58% between 1980 and 1992.

    We blame this on increased global travel and globalisation, population growth and movements, deforestation and reforestation programs, human sexuality (in the case of HIV), and increased human contact with tropical mini-forests and other wilderness habitats that are reservoirs for insects and animals harbouring unknown infectious agents. But nowhere in the official list of causes is the fact that for years millions of animals and innumerable vials of infectious material have been shipped around the world for commercial and biological warfare purposes. In addition, we still have to deal with the "old" infectious agents, like anthrax bacteria, which are staples in all biowarfare laboratories.

    [...]

    In the 1970s, the decade before AIDS, the US Army's biowarfare program intensified, particularly in the area of genetic engineering research. In 1971, President Richard Nixon transferred a major part of the Army's Biological Warfare Unit at Ft. Detrick over to the National Cancer Institute (NCI). Thereafter, secret biowarfare experimentation continued under the cover of bona-fide cancer research.

    During the 1970s the NCI's Special Virus Cancer Program also brought together leading national and international medical scientists in a unified attempt to uncover and genetically alter cancer-causing and immunosuppresive viruses.

    The genetic manipulation of cells and infectious agents, as well as the mixing and transferring of viruses between various animals (including monkeys, chimps and other primates), resulted in the creation of many man-made infectious agents for research, commercial and biowarfare purposes. At the end of this decade a new immunosuppressive virus (HIV) was introduced into the gay community, the most hated minority in America.

    Some researchers believe this Special Virus Cancer Program, with its covert connection to America's biowarfare program, spawned HIV which was subsequently seeded into the black African population via contaminated WHO-sponsored vaccine programs, and seeded into the US homosexual community via the government-sponsored experimental hepatitis B vaccine program (1978-1981).

    Not only was HIV introduced, but the virus that causes Kaposi's sarcoma (the "gay cancer" of AIDS) was also seeded into gay men. These hepatitis B experiments in Manhattan, Los Angeles, and San Francisco, utilised only highly promiscuous, healthy white gay and bisexual men as guinea pigs. Shortly after this experiment began, the first cases of "gay-related immune deficiency disease" and "gay cancer" in the form of KS, first erupted in New York City in 1979.

    [...]

    WN virus was first discovered in 1937 in encephalitis cases in Uganda, East Africa. African cases tend to be mild, and the virus there does not affect animal and bird populations to any significant degree. In fact, the ability of the virus to infect and kill birds has only been noticed recently. Mild outbreaks of WN occurred in Israel in 1951-1954 and 1957, and also in South Africa in 1974. However, since the mid 1990s, outbreaks of increasing frequency and severity have appeared in Morocco, Tunisia, Italy, Israel, and Russia, and have been strangely accompanied with a large number of bird deaths. Scientists have determined the closest viral "relative" of the New York 99 strain of WN virus is a strain of WN virus that circulated in Israel from 1997-2000.

    Health authorities claim the virus entered the US via travelers from the Middle East, or via a stray mosquito on an airplane. Other researchers claim the virus arrived with African animals or birds placed in zoos. But, in fact, the WN virus has been housed in US labs for decades (along with African animals), and has been openly sold to researchers around the world. From the very beginning of the WN virus outbreak, there were rumours of bioterrorism, but these rumours were denied by health officials.

    Various new theories of origin still appear in the press. For example, a Los Angeles Times editorial (September 28, 2002) proclaimed that "scientists think (the virus) may have arrived in the early 1980s when Asian tiger mosquitoes traveled in tire casings from Japan to Houston." (One wonders who supplies the press with these bizarre and undocumented stories.)

    On September 12, 2002, Vermont Senator Patrick Leahy declared: "I think we have to ask ourselves: Is it a coincidence that we're seeing such an increase in WN virus – or is that something that's being tested as a biological weapon against us." Leahy is no stranger to bioterrorism, having received an anthrax-laden letter at his Washington office a year earlier.

    Was WN virus deliberately or accidentally seeded into the environment? Could the new outbreaks of WN virus be a result of decades of animal experimentation and manipulation with the African virus? I discovered on PubMed, for example, that fragments of West Nile virus were spliced into cowpox virus in 1994 (PMID: 7958993). In September 2002, some WN patients developed signs and symptoms of polio, even though that disease is caused by a totally different virus. Another reason to suspect laboratory genetic manipulation of WN virus and/or the mixing of this virus in vaccine preparations.

    [...]

    It is surprising the US government quickly eliminated bioterrorism as a cause for HIV, the West Nile and the SARS virus, particularly when the government has a long and well-documented history of radiation and biowarfare experimentation against its own unsuspecting citizens.

    In the 1950s the US military planned a project to cripple the Soviet economy by killing horses, cattle, and swine with biological warfare weapons developed from exotic animal diseases. The laboratory at Plum Island, off the coast of Long Island, New York, is the Army's repository for viruses derived from the world's most dangerous animal diseases. According to Norman Covert, base historian and public information officer at Fort Detrick, only a handful of scientists were aware of this project. "In many cases there were only maybe five people who knew what was going on in weapons research. People in one lab didn't know what happened in the next lab, and they didn't ask." Details of these Plum Island animal experiments were classified as secret until 1993.

    During the 1950s and 60s secret military biowarfare attacks on unsuspecting civilians took place in many parts of America. The most notorious was a six-day attack on San Francisco in which clouds of potentially harmful bacteria were sprayed over the city. Twelve people developed pneumonia due to the infectious bacteria, and one elderly man died from the attack. This attack was not revealed to the public until years later when classified documents were finally released.

    In other classified experiments, the military sprayed bacteria in New York City subways, in a Washington D.C. airport, and on highways in Pennsylvania. Biological warfare testing also took place in military bases in Virginia, in Key West (Florida), and off the coasts of Southern California and Hawaii.

    [...]

    Not only is the public kept ignorant of biowarfare research, but biowarfare "accidents" are officially covered-up, downplayed, and frequently blamed on animals. For example, the Russians finally revealed the truth about an epidemic of anthrax that caused at least 68 deaths in 1979 in the city of Sverdlovsk, 850 miles east of Moscow. The outbreak was officially blamed on eating meat from infected animals. In 1992, Russian President Boris Yeltsin finally acknowledged the real truth. The cause was not "natural", but due to the accidental escape of spores of weapons-grade anthrax produced by the nearby biowarfare installation.

    [...]

    Further complicating the genetic engineering of the planet is the sale of deadly microbes to anyone and any country with the cash to buy them. From 1985-1988, Iraq purchased 70 shipments of anthrax, West Nile virus, and other disease-causing organisms from the American Type Culture Collection. [...] The CDC also sent West Nile virus and numerous other biological agents to Iraq during the years 1984 and 1993. (No wonder the CDC doesn't want to investigate WN virus as a bioweapon!)

    On October 18, 2001, the CDC issued an unprecedented alert asking physicians to watch out for cases of smallpox, plague, botulism, tularemia, and even "emerging" hemorrhagic African viruses that cause Ebola and Marburg disease. Before the terrorist bombings, virologists were blaming animals in the wild for these diseases; now it is clear the more likely threat comes from crazy scientists and terrorists.

    [...]

    No one yet knows how SARS started in China. Did the virus escape from a Chinese lab? It's a possibility, but it cannot easily explain how SARS came to Hong Kong, where half the 600 infections in the city derive from one apartment complex (the Amoy Gardens). While avoiding the possibility of "super-spreader" bioterrorists, the media was quickly labeling certain SARS victims as "super-spreaders."

    As in prior military experiments, all it might take for terrorists to spread SARS is an aerosol can or a specially designed suitcase, or a "gloved" box (the type used by anthrax spreaders) to infect an apartment building like the Amoy Gardens or a floor of a hotel, like the Metropole in Hong Kong, which also had a large number of SARS cases. Why would anyone want to infect China and the Far East with a highly contagious virus? Disrupting the economy of Asia would only be one demonic reason.

    Videos by Alan Cantwell:



    Last edited by Ymyyakhtakh; 04-02-2020 at 08:07 AM.

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    This post contains the text of another article by Alan Cantwell from 2001 (http://www.whale.to/a/cantwell8.html). I converted the text of the article to Markdown, because I hate rich text.

    # AIDS: Who is to Blame? Are species-jumping animal virus experiments responsible for the HIV Holocaust?

    [...]

    ## Creating AIDS in Animals Before the Epidemic

    Lost in the history of AIDS is evidence pointing to HIV as a virus whose origin traces back to animal cancer retrovirus experimentation in the "pre-AIDS" years of the 1960s and 70s. Evidence linking the introduction of HIV into gays and blacks via vaccine experiments and programs in the late 1970s has been totally ignored in favour of the politically correct theory claiming that HIV originated in chimpanzees in the African rain forest, and that HIV "jumped species" into the African population around 1930 or even earlier.

    Conveniently overlooked is the series of outbreaks of AIDS-like epidemics that broke out in US primate centres, beginning in 1969. A decade before AIDS, the first of five recorded epidemics of "simian AIDS" erupted in a colony of stump-tailed macaques housed in a primate lab at Davis, California. Most of the macaques died. Two types of primate immunodeficiency viruses were eventually discovered as the cause. A few silently infected monkeys transferred to the primate colony at Yerkes in Atlanta subsequently died of simian AIDS in the late 1980s. Veterinarians claim the origin of the simian AIDS outbreak is unknown. However, one obvious possibility is the experimental transfer of viruses between various primate species, which is common practice in animal laboratories.

    In 1974 veterinarians actually created an AIDS-like disease when newborn chimps were removed from their mothers and weaned exclusively on virus-infected milk from cows infected with "bovine C-type virus." Within a year the chimps died of leukemia and pneumocystis pneumonia (the "gay pneumonia" of AIDS). Both diseases had never been observed in chimps before this virus-transfer experiment.

    Also downplayed is the laboratory creation of feline leukemia and "cat AIDS" by the transfer of HIV-like cat retroviruses in the mid-1970s. These experiments were conducted at Harvard by Myron (Max) Essex, later to become a famous AIDS researcher. All this man-made creation of AIDS in laboratory animals directly preceded the "mysterious" 1979 introduction of HIV into gay men, the most hated minority in America.

    Nowadays, scientists hunt for "ancestor" viruses of HIV in chimps in the African wild and ignore all the immunosuppressive viruses that were created in virus laboratories shortly before AIDS. No consideration is given to any of these lab viruses as possible man-made ancestors of the many "strains" of HIV (and HIV-2) that jumped species to produce AIDS in humans.

    ## The Gay Experiments that Preceded AIDS (1978-1981)

    Scientists also discount any connection between the official outbreak of AIDS in 1981 and the experimental hepatitis B vaccine program (1978-1981) at the New York Blood Centre in Manhattan that used gays as guinea pigs shortly before the epidemic. Curiously, the exact origin of AIDS in the United States remains unstudied. Health authorities simply blame promiscuous gay men, but never adequately explain how a black heterosexual African disease could have transformed itself exclusively into a white young gay male disease in Manhattan.

    Researchers claim HIV incubated in Africa for more than a half century until AIDS broke out there in 1982. However, in the US there was no incubation period for gay men. As soon as homosexuals signed up as guinea pigs for government-sponsored hepatitis B vaccine experiments, they began to die with a strange virus of unknown origin. The hepatitis B experiments began in Manhattan in the fall of 1978; the first few cases of AIDS (all young gays from Manhattan) were reported to the CDC in 1979.

    Scientists have also failed to explain how a brand new herpes virus was also introduced exclusively into gays, _along with HIV_, in the late 1970s. This herpes virus is now believed to be the cause of Kaposi's sarcoma, the so-called "gay cancer" of AIDS. Before AIDS, Kaposi's sarcoma was never seen in healthy young men. Identified a decade after HIV, in 1994, this KS virus is closely related to a primate cancer-causing herpes virus extensively studied and transferred in animal laboratories in the decade before AIDS.

    Also downplayed to the public is a new microbe (_Mycoplasma penetrans_), also of unknown origin, that was introduced into homosexuals, along with HIV and the new herpes virus. Thus, not one but three new infectious agents were inexplicably transferred into the gay population at the start of the epidemic (HIV, the herpes KS virus, and _M. penetrans_).

    In his book, _Virus_ [2000], Luc Montagnier (the French virologist who co-discovered HIV) blames promiscuous American gay tourists for bringing this new mycoplasma to Africa, and for bringing back HIV. He provides no evidence for this homophobic theory. Nor does he mention the various mycoplasmas that were passed around in the 1970s in scientific labs, and the fact that these microbes were frequent contaminants in virus cultures and vaccines.

    Why are all these simultaneous introductions of new infectious agents into gay men ignored by scientists? Surely a credible explanation would be important in determining the origin of HIV and AIDS.

    _Why are scientists so opposed to the man-made theory? And why do they believe so passionately in the chimp theory?_ One explanation might be that scientists don't want the public to know what happened to the tens of thousands of imported primates who were held captive in laboratories throughout the world in the decade before AIDS.

    ## The Forgotten Special Virus Cancer Program (1964-1977)

    Rarely mentioned by AIDS scientists and media reporters is the fact that surgeons have been transplanting chimpanzee parts (and chimp viruses) into people for decades. When Keith Reemtsma died in June 2000, at age 74, he was hailed as a pioneer in cross-species organ transplants (now known as xenotransplantation). By 1964 he had already placed six chimpanzee kidneys into six patients. All his patients died, but eventually Reemtsma succeeded in many successful human-to-human organ transplants.

    Much more likely to have spread primate (chimp and monkey) viruses to human beings is the largely forgotten Special Virus Cancer Program (SVCP). This research program was responsible for the development, the production, the seeding, and the deployment of various animal cancer and immunosuppressive AIDS-like viruses and retroviruses. These laboratory created viruses were capable of inducing disease when transferred between animal species and also when transplanted into human cells and tissue.

    The SVCP began in 1964 as a government-funded program of the National Cancer Institute (NCI) in Bethesda, Maryland. Originally designed to study leukemia, the program was soon enlarged to study all forms of cancer. The scope of the program was international and included scientists from Japan, Sweden, Italy, the Netherlands, Israel, and Africa. The mission of the SVCP was to collect various human and animal cancers from around the world and to grow large amounts of cancer-causing viruses. As a result, thousands of litres of dangerous man-made viruses were adapted to human cells and shipped around the world to various laboratories. The annual reports of the SVCP contain proof that species jumping of animal viruses was a common occurrence in labs a decade before AIDS.

    The SVCP gathered together the US's top virologists, biochemists, immunologists, molecular biologists, and epidemiologists, to determine the role of viruses and retroviruses in the production of human cancer. Many of the most prestigious medical institutions were involved in this program.

    Connected with the SVCP were the most famous future American AIDS scientists, such as Robert Gallo (the co-discoverer of HIV), Max Essex of "cat AIDS" fame, and Peter Duesberg, who claims HIV does not cause AIDS. Gallo and Essex were also the first to promote the widely accepted African green monkey theory of AIDS. This theory was proven erroneous as far back as 1988, but was heavily circulated among AIDS educators and the media until the theory was superseded by the chimp theory in the late 1990s.

    ## Biowarfare Research, Primate Research and the SVCP

    Also joining forces with the SVCP at the NCI were the military's biological warfare researchers. On October 18, 1971, President Richard Nixon announced that the army's biowarfare laboratories at nearby Fort Detrick, Maryland, would be converted to cancer research. As part of Nixon's so-called War on Cancer, the military biowarfare unit was retitled the new Frederick Cancer Research Centre, and Litton Bionetics was named as the military's prime contractor for this project.

    According to the 1971 SVPC annual report, the primary task of the now jointly connected National Cancer Institute-Frederick Cancer Research Centre was "the large scale production of oncogenic (cancer-causing) and suspected oncogenic viruses to meet research needs on a continuing basis." Special attention was given to primate viruses (the alleged African source of HIV) and "the successful propagation of significant amounts of human candidate viruses." Candidate viruses were animal or human viruses that might cause human cancers.

    For these experiments a steady supply of research animals (monkeys, chimpanzees, mice, and cats) was necessary; and multiple breeding colonies were established for the SVCP. Primates were shipped in from West Africa and Asia for experimentation; and virus-infected animals were shipped out to various labs worldwide.

    By 1971, a total of 2,274 primates had been inoculated at Bionetics Research Laboratories, under contract to Fort Detrick. Over 1000 of these monkeys had already died or had been transferred to other primate centres. (Some animals were eventually released back into the wild). By the early 1970s, experimenters had transferred cancer-causing viruses into several species of monkeys, and had also isolated a monkey virus (_Herpesvirus saimiri_) that would have a close genetic relationship to the new Kaposi's sarcoma herpes virus that produced the "gay cancer" of AIDS in 1979.

    In order to induce primates and other research animals to acquire cancer, their immune system was deliberately suppressed by drugs, radiation, or cancer-causing chemicals or substances. The thymus gland and/or the spleen were removed, and viruses were injected into newborn animals or into the womb of pregnant animals. Some animals were injected with malaria to keep them chronically sick and immunodepressed.

    The US is the world's leading consumer of primates, and 55,000 are used yearly in medical research. Primates (especially newborn and baby chimpanzees) are the most favoured lab animals because they are similar biochemically and immunologically to human beings. Humans share 98.4% of their DNA with chimpanzees. Chimps were extensively used by SVCP because there would be no official testing of "candidate" lab viruses on humans.

    In the decade before AIDS, Gallo was a project officer of a primate study contracted by Bionetics that pumped cancerous human tissue, as well as a variety of chicken and monkey viruses, into newborn macaques (a small species of monkey that carries a close relative of the KS virus).

    Recorded in the 1971 SVCP report (NIH-71-2025), Gallo's project notes state: "Inasmuch as tests for the biological activity of candidate human viruses will not be tested in the human species, it is imperative that another system be developed for these determinations, and subsequently for the evaluation of vaccines or other measures of control. The close phylogenetic relationship of the lower primates to man justifies utilization of these animals for these purposes."

    Researchers at Bionetics injected human and animal cancer material into various species of monkeys to determine the cancer effect. Newborn and irradiated monkeys were injected with blood ("using multiple sites and volumes as large as possible") taken from various forms of human leukemia. In other studies, tissue cultures infected with various animal viruses were inoculated into primates. How many "new" and "emerging" viruses were created and adapted to human tissue and to various primates is not known.

    Some primates were released back into the wild carrying lab viruses with them. The possible spread of these lab viruses to other animals in the wild has been ignored by scientists searching for the origin of HIV and its close relatives in African animals.

    Cats were also bred for leukemia and sarcoma cancer studies. Germ free colonies of inbred mice were established. Mouse cancer viruses were manipulated to produce resistant and non-resistant strains. These adapted viruses would be employed in the 1980s in human gene replacement experiments. Such experiments utilised a weakened strain of the mouse leukemia virus to infect and "taxi-in" the missing genes to genetically-defective human beings.

    ## The End of the SVCP and the Birth of AIDS

    By 1977 the SVCP came to an inglorious end. According to Gallo, "Scientifically, the problem was that no one could supply clear evidence of any kind of human tumor virus, not even a DNA virus, and most researchers refused to concede that viruses played any role in human cancers. Politically, the Virus Cancer Program was vulnerable because it attracted a great deal of money and attention and had failed to produce dramatic, visible results."

    Despite all this, the SVCP was the birthplace of genetic engineering, molecular biology, and the human genome project. More than any other program it built up the field of animal retrovirology, which led to the vital understanding of cancer and immunosuppressive retroviruses in humans.

    As the SVCP was winding down, thousands of gay men were signing up as guinea pigs in government-sponsored hepatitis B vaccine experiments in New York, Los Angeles, and San Francisco. These same cities would soon become the three primary epicentres for the new "gay-related immune deficiency syndrome," later known as AIDS.

    Two years after the termination of the SCVP, the introduction of HIV into gay men (along with a herpes virus and a mycoplasma) miraculously revived retroviral research and made Gallo the most famous scientist in the world.

    Could virus-contaminated hepatitis vaccines lie at the root of AIDS? In the early 1970s the hepatitis B vaccine was developed in chimpanzees. To this day, some people are fearful about taking the hepatitis B vaccine because of its original connection to gay men and AIDS.

    Was HIV (and the KS herpes virus and a new mycoplasma) introduced into gays during these vaccine trials when thousands of homosexuals were injected in Manhattan beginning in 1978, and in the West Coast cities in 1980-1981? As mentioned, the first gay AIDS cases erupted in Manhattan a few months after the gay experiment began at the NY Blood Centre. When a blood test for HIV became available in the mid-1980s, the Centre's stored gay blood specimens were reexamined. Most astonishing is the statistically significant fact that 20% of the gay men who volunteered for the hepatitis B experiment in New York were discovered to be HIV-positive in 1980 (a year before the AIDS epidemic became "official" in 1981). _This signifies that Manhattan gays in 1980 had the highest incidence of HIV anywhere in the world, including Africa, the supposed birthplace of HIV and AIDS._ And epidemic cases in Africa did not appear until 1982.

    Although denied by the AIDS establishment, a few researchers are convinced that these vaccine experiments served as the vehicle through which HIV was introduced into the gay population. My own extensive research into the hepatitis B experiments is presented in _AIDS and the Doctors of Death: An Inquiry into the Origin of the AIDS Epidemic_ [1988], and in _Queer Blood: The Secret AIDS Genocide Plot_ [1993]. These books also debunk the preposterous "Patient Zero" story of 1987, which claimed a promiscuous gay Canadian airline steward brought AIDS to America. The highly implausible story was sensationalised in the media and served to further obscure the origin of AIDS in America and blame gay promiscuity. Even Montagnier is doubtful that the US epidemic could have developed from a single patient.

    Never mentioned by proponents of the chimp theory is the fact that the New York Blood Centre established a chimp virus laboratory in West Africa in 1974. One of the purposes of VILAB II, at the Liberian Institute for Biomedical Research in Robertsfield, Liberia, was to develop the hepatitis B vaccine in chimps. A few years later this vaccine was inoculated into gays at the Centre. Chimps were captured from various parts of West Africa and brought to VILAB. Alfred Prince, Head of Virology at the NY Blood Centre, has been the director of VILAB for the past 25 years. The lab prides itself by releasing "rehabilitated" chimps back into the wild.

    Also closely allied with "pre-AIDS" development of a hepatitis B vaccine is the little publicised primate colony outside New York City called LEMSIP (the Laboratory for Experimental Medicine and Surgery). Until disbanded in 1997, LEMSIP supplied New York area scientists with primates and primate parts for transplantation and virus research.

    Founded in 1965, LEMSIP was affiliated with the New York University Medical Centre, where the first cases of AIDS-associated Kaposi's sarcoma were discovered in 1979. Researchers at NYU Medical Centre were also heavily involved in the development of the experimental hepatitis B vaccine used in gays; and the Medical Centre received government grants and contracts connected with biological warfare research beginning in 1969, according to Leonard Horowitz, author of _Emerging Viruses: AIDS and Ebola_ [1996].

    ## Scientific Disinformation and the 1959 HIV-Positive Blood Test From Africa

    By predating HIV back to the 1930s, the chimp theory effectively discredits the man-made theory of AIDS, which dates the introduction of HIV to the late 1970s. Only time will tell whether the chimp theory will hold up to further scientific scrutiny.

    Conspiracy theorists believe some wildly popular AIDS origin stories in the press that reek of scientific disinformation. One example is the Patient Zero story. Another is the media blitz surrounding the English sailor who supposedly contracted AIDS in 1959. This now-disproven story made worldwide headlines in 1990 and obviously served to contradict the underground conspiracy theory (particularly among African-Americans) that AIDS was man-made.

    _The New York Times_ (July 24, 1990) declared: "The case also refutes the widely publicized charges made by Soviet officials several years ago that AIDS arose from a virus that had escaped from a laboratory experiment that went awry or was a biological warfare agent. The human retrovirus group to which the AIDS virus belongs was unknown at the time. Nor did scientists then have the genetic engineering techniques needed to create a virus." Several years later, the case was discovered to be not a case of AIDS because the sailor's tissue remains were accidentally (or deliberately) contaminated with HIV.

    In 1998 the media alerted the public to further evidence that AIDS started in Africa. The proof consisted of an old 1959 stored frozen blood specimen discovered to be HIV-positive. Researchers claimed the tiny amount of serum contained fragments of HIV "closely related" to a virus found in three chimpanzees in the African wild and in the frozen remains of a chimp named Marilyn, discovered in a freezer at Fort Detrick.

    The 1959 specimen was obtained from a Bantu man living in Kinshasa, the Congo. His name and health status were not recorded. Details of the history and testing of this specimen (later heralded as the "world's oldest HIV-positive blood sample") are recorded in _The River: A Journey to the Source of HIV and AIDS_ [1999], by journalist Edward Hooper who theorises that HIV was introduced into Africans via the polio vaccine programs in the late 1950s. Hooper claims the polio vaccine was prepared using chimp kidney cells contaminated with the ancestor virus of HIV.

    When tested for HIV in the mid-1980s, the 1959 blood sample was the only specimen out of 700 stored frozen Congo bloods that tested positive for HIV. Originally collected by Arno Motulsky on a Rockefeller grant, the African sample was one of many sent to the University of Washington in Seattle and used for genetic testing and included in a report, "Population Genetic Studies," published in 1966. Around 1970, the remaining 672 frozen bloods were flown to Emory University in Atlanta for further genetic tests.

    In 1985 the specimens again changed hands, this time for HIV testing by Andre Nahmias, a virologist and animal researcher associated with the Yerkes Primate Centre at Emory. The Congo specimens were tested along with 500 other blood specimens taken from blacks living in sub-Saharan Africa between the years 1959 and 1982. Initially over 90% of specimens taken in 1959 tested positive for HIV by the ELISA test. However, these HIV-positive tests were later determined to be false-positive. After the examinations at Emory, the specimens were shipped to Harvard University in Cambridge, Massachusetts, for HIV testing in Max Essex' lab.

    Three specimens initially tested HIV-positive, but finally only the 1959 specimen from the unidentified Bantu man was confirmed HIV-positive. Around the time of these examinations, Essex's lab was unknowingly contaminated with primate viruses.

    In 1986, Essex discovered a new "human" AIDS virus that later proved to be a contaminating monkey virus. The source of the primate virus traced back to a captive monkey at a primate centre in nearby Southborough, Massachusetts. This primate contamination at his lab resulted in the erroneous green monkey theory, heavily popularised by Gallo and the media.

    Also unpublicised is the little known fact that Gallo's lab at the National Cancer Institute was plagued with contamination by primate viruses. In 1975 he reported a new human "HL-23" virus that eventually proved to be three contaminating ape primate viruses (gibbon-ape virus, simian sarcoma virus, and baboon endogenous virus). Gallo claims he has no idea how these viruses contaminated his research.

    In 1996 Hooper convinced Nahmias to turn over the remaining 1959 specimen to David Ho of Rockefeller University in Manhattan for PCR testing. In 1996 Ho was named _Time_ magazine's "Man of the Year", at a time when few people had ever heard of him. Ho is also the director of the Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Centre, affiliated with Rockefeller University since 1996. The Diamond Centre is also now connected with the New York Blood Centre, home of the gay vaccine experiments that gave birth to AIDS.

    Ho determined the tiny amount of the remaining specimen did not contain live virus, nor was the complete virion of the virus present. Instead, some fragments of the virus (about 15% of the total genome) were tested and presented to the scientific world as the oldest specimen of HIV in the world. Ho's PCR results cannot be confirmed by independent investigators because the 1959 specimen is now totally used up.

    When published in the journal _Nature_ on February 5, 1998 ("An African HIV-1 sequence from 1959 and implications for the origin of the epidemic"), Hooper's name appeared on the report, along with Ho, Bette Korber, Nahmias, and others. The report was heavily publicised as proof that HIV existed in the African population in 1959.

    Although there are no HIV-positive tissue specimens from Africa from the 1960s and 1970s, and no proven cases of AIDS either, Hooper relies heavily on this 1959 test to support his theory that HIV entered the African population via the polio vaccines programs in the late 1950s.

    In _The River_ Hooper quickly dismisses the claims of physician Robert Strecker, the first whistle-blower of man-made AIDS, as well as the research in Horowitz's _Emerging Viruses_, and in my own books, _AIDS & The Doctors of Death_, and _Queer Blood_.

    In condemning AIDS biowarfare research, Hooper declares, "Sadly, supporters of the Streckers have continued to peddle their ill-informed and outdated versions of the myth, blaming variously the Soviets, the CIA, the Germans, and the World Health Organisation (WHO) well into the nineties." He dismisses the hepatitis B vaccine connection to AIDS by noting that only two of the 826 gay vaccinees had developed AIDS by 1983. Hooper ignores the fact that by 1981 over 20% of the men in the trials were HIV-positive and that by 1982, over 30% of the men were HIV-positive. He dismisses the World Health Organisation's African smallpox vaccine connection by saying, "there is no reason for either HIV or SIV [simian immunodeficiency virus] to be accidentally present in the vaccine." Hooper fails to consider the possibility that the vaccines could have been _deliberately_ contaminated with HIV. Hooper has been a United Nations official, but no details of this are included in his book.

    Despite his massive research, Hooper seems naive about the continuing transfer of viruses between various primate species at primate centres. For example, in 1995 he interviewed Preston Marx at LEMSIP. At that time Marx was a representative of David Ho's organisation, the Aaron Diamond Research Centre. Hooper writes: "I was shocked by the cavalier way in which tissues and sera from one species had been introduced into other species, long after the risks of cross-species transfer had been highlighted by the SV40 [polio vaccine] debacle, and I was astonished that survivors from troops that had been stricken by mystery illnesses could have been casually sold to other centres, for use in experiments there. Furthermore, this apparent lack of monitoring and central control seemed to be echoed in other fields, like xenotransplantation (the transplanting of organ or cells from one species to another) – and here, of course, the implications were even more frightening."

    By predating his polio vaccine theory back to the late 1950s, Hooper greatly simplified his theory of AIDS origin. He ignored all those animal viruses that were placed into human tissue in the 60s and 70s, and all those dangerous viral creations that were genetically altered for cancer research, vaccine research, and secret biological warfare.

    ## The Chimp in the Freezer at Fort Detrick

    On February 1, 1999 Lawrence K Altman, longtime physician-writer for _The New York Times_, dutifully reported "the riddle of the origin of the AIDS virus has apparently been solved." A team of researchers, headed by Beatrice Hahn at the University of Alabama, performed viral studies on three chimps in the African wild and had also studied the frozen remains of a chimp, discovered by accident in a freezer at Fort Detrick. The chimp had tested positive for HIV in 1985. On the basis of all this research, Hahn declared that a common subspecies of chimp (_Pan troglodytes troglodytes_) was the animal source of the virus "most closely" related to HIV.

    In a media blitz US government scientists presented a phylogenetic ancestral "family tree" of primate viruses (which few people could understand) to prove that HIV was genetically descended from a chimp virus in the African bush. Molecular analysis of virus genetic data, performed by Bette Korber and the supercomputer Nirvana at the Los Alamos National Laboratory in New Mexico, indicated that HIV had jumped species from a chimp to a human in Africa around the year 1930. (Los Alamos is the official home of nuclear bomb-building, alleged Chinese spies, and the laboratory which directed secret human radiation experiments on unsuspecting civilians from the 1940s up to the beginning of the AIDS epidemic.)

    Beatrice Hahn theorised that the epidemic started when a hunter cut himself while butchering chimp meat and subsequently became infected. Scientists readily accepted Hahn's notion that the AIDS virus and its closest relatives jumped species from chimps to humans on multiple occasions, thereby explaining the origin of the three separate subtypes of HIV-1 (M, N, and O), as well as HIV-2.

    Chimps in West Africa are hunted for food, as well as for medical experimentation. Young chimps are especially prized for scientific research and are usually caught by shooting their mothers. Many die from stress and inhumane conditions during capture and transport to laboratories and zoos in Western nations.

    Due to all this killing, chimps are now an endangered species. During the past century the African chimp population has dropped from two million to less than 150,000. Despite the mass killing of chimps, they are still blamed for causing the worldwide epidemic of AIDS.

    Beatrice Hahn is no stranger to primate theories, having worked in Gallo's lab when he was heavily promoting the green monkey theory in the mid-1980s and the "close relationship" of the monkey virus to HIV. Now Hahn's virus was claimed to be a closer relative than the contaminating monkey virus in Essex' lab that formed the basis of the false green monkey theory.

    Media journalists paid no attention to these discrepancies. Hahn's new chimp findings, along with the old 1959 blood specimen, fully convinced the AIDS establishment, and an adoring media, that Africa was indeed the source of HIV and the AIDS epidemic.

    ## The 2000 London Origin of AIDS Conference

    When Hooper's book appeared in the fall of 1998, molecular scientists quickly used the new chimp virus data to completely discredit Hooper's polio vaccine theory. AIDS in Africa could not be caused by a virus jumping species in the 50s if it had already jumped species back in the 1930s. Researchers refused to believe scientists could have played any role in the origin of HIV and AIDS.

    Hooper bypassed the biowarfare theory by predating HIV back to the 50s. Now scientists bypassed Hooper by dating HIV back several decades earlier. The fact that there was no African epidemic until the early 1980s did not seem pertinent. To make their view official, a small group of scientists proposed an "invitation only" meeting to settle the origin matter once and for all.

    In October 2000 the Royal Society of London held a two-day conference on the origins of HIV. Obviously, the biowarfare theory of AIDS was not discussed. On the contrary, one professor emphatically declared, "all human infectious diseases have an animal origin." Although there never was a disease like AIDS (until scientists started to flagrantly pass viruses around to repeatedly break the species barrier), the same professor declared that, "natural transfer of these infections is a common event in animal populations."

    Using the viral fragments from the 1959 specimen and comparing them with the select viruses contained in the data bank at Los Alamos, Betty Korber refined her computer calculations to establish a likely date of 1940, "with confidence levels extending from 1871 to 1955." The Rega Institute in Antwerp estimated the transfer could have occurred between 1590 and 1760, with 1675 the most likely date.

    Hooper spoke but his views were largely ignored by the molecular biologists. Preston Marx warned about more human diseases caused by viruses emerging from primates. None of the speakers mentioned what happened to the thousands of litres of animal viruses that were passed around the world by the Special Virus Cancer Program in the decade before AIDS.

    Instead, the London conferees alerted the public to a new view of medical science, championed by the virologists. The "Last Word" at the conference was that "all human viral infections were initially zoonotic (animal) in origin. Animals will always provide a reservoir for viruses that could threaten human populations in the future." And the scientists predicted: "There is still a myriad of current unknown viruses in animal populations on land, sea, and air with the potential to cause human disease." Apparently, none of these viruses were in animal laboratories.

    ## AIDS, Cancer, Genetic Science and Covert Human Medical Experimentation

    [...]

    From the very beginning of the epidemic, researchers disclaimed any connection between AIDS and cancer, as well as any connection between HIV and animal retrovirus cancer research. In 1984, Gallo originally named HIV a cancer-causing "leukemia/lymphoma" virus. To obscure the cancer connection, the name was immediately changed to "lymphotropic" virus.

    My own Kaposi's sarcoma research, first published in medical journals in 1981, showed "cancer-associated bacteria" as possible infectious agents in "classic" KS tumours. Before HIV was discovered in 1984, additional papers in 1982 and 1983 showed similar cancer bacteria in the enlarged lymph nodes and KS tumours of gay men with "gay cancer" and AIDS. Since the 1950s, cancer-associated bacteria have been linked to viruses, as well as to mycoplasmas. This aspect of cancer research has been suppressed for decades by the cancer establishment. A history of this research and its relevancy to AIDS is the subject of my books, _AIDS: The Mystery and the Solution_ [1984] and _The Cancer Microbe: The Hidden Killer in Cancer, AIDS and Other Immune Diseases_ [1990].

    Gallo, in his 1991 book, falsely claims that no infectious agent had ever been found in KS. The refusal of AIDS scientists to recognise cancer microbe research, published in peer reviewed scientific journals, is a further indication that the AIDS establishment seeks to control all aspects of HIV research in such a way as to never connect the origin of AIDS with previous cancer research and covert biological warfare research. This cover-up conceals the possibility that AIDS, in reality, is a new man-made form of infectious and contagious cancer.

    [...]
    Last edited by Ymyyakhtakh; 04-02-2020 at 08:18 AM.

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