Christianity in ancient North Africa

[coolfrenchguy]

Only the big cities had Christianity (like Tunis and Tanger), the majority of North Africans were pagans (which is why berber pagan tradition still exists today). Old remains of churches are only found in those big urbanized cities, some pagans even existed not even 100 years ago like the Zekara tribe (which is related to the Zenati Iznasn tribe), last century the tribe was fully pagan and they only became muslim after French occupation).

pagan or more animists?,more animists it seems the right term to name it ,it's animism ,animism is more near of shamanism than european paganism

[Adamm]

pagan or more animists?,more animists it seems the right term to name it ,it's animism ,animism is more near of shamanism than european paganism

I'm not specialized in the terminology but Berbers worshiped Gods (including tanit which was also adopted by the Punics), but they also worshiped objects like stones, trees (which is still done today by some Berbers) and the Sun + Moon.

[coolfrenchguy]

I'm not specialized in the terminology but Berbers worshiped Gods (including tanit which was also adopted by the Punics), but they also worshiped objects like stones, trees (which is still done today by some Berbers) and the Sun + Moon.

it's Tanith, alternative spelling of Tanit, an ancient Carthaginian lunar goddess of the Phoenician pantheon

[Adamm]

it's Tanith, alternative spelling of Tanit, an ancient Carthaginian lunar goddess of the Phoenician pantheon

Tanit[1] was a Punic and Phoenician goddess of Berber origin, the chief deity of Carthage alongside her consort Baal-Hamon.[2][3] She was first adopted by the Berber people.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tanit

[Cristiano viejo]

Are there any Christians today?

Yes, in Ceuta, Melilla and Canary Islands

[dark-mysterio]

How did the conversion to Islam happen? Which social groups converted first and where?

Why? What happened?

(this obviously my own tentative of explain why and i may get wrong and sorry for my english)

when the "Arabs" (Umayyad empire of Damascus) invaded the region certainly Berbers sided with them and invasion of Iberia (and others thing of that time after the Umayyad empire of Damascus stopped focusing on the maghreb)

the Berbers/Berbers tribes of the region fell than the treatment between them and the Umayyad/Arabs cast wasn't that equal and Islam from the original kharidjite they had egalitarian Muslim when it's come to race color and are today represented with some community of Ibadi Islam which where themselves used to be a part of the Kharidjite) will spread mostly (not all) during the first phase of the Islamization of mostly the berbers community.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berber_Revolt

"the Berbers where converted to Islam but soon became Abadites,that is schismatics".

(!warning! image mey not be 100 correct and are just representation from the game crusader kings 2 with all dlc except one)

here in the image we can see some what happen after the great Berbers revolt a mostly kharidjite/ibadi (with some others sunni,shia and some maybe pagan).

Attachment 98137Attachment 98138

and in the later part of the period the formation the dynasty the maghreb usual try country/kingdom (maghreb al aqsa/morocco,central maghreb/algiers/algeria,ifriqiya/tunis,tunisia) with the Shia idrissid (an historical state in the later foundation of morocco) and the central maghreb ibadi rustamid and the ifriqya sunni aghlabids.

Attachment 98139Attachment 98140

in the later part of medieval Maghreb kharidjite Islam will start to disappear in the Maghreb region and Sunni (with the exception of a certain periods during fatimids maghreb where some shia community where also find and the original heretics almohads empire and the Ibn Tumart doctrines) will become a majority (at exception of some ibadi Muslim) due to the massive arrival of the maliki teaching school (with the almorvides as it first important dynasty ans especially during the "marinids,zayyanids,hafsids" later period after the breakdown of the almohads period).

"indifferent to its concerns and after some years of complete retirement died at Medina A II 179 AC 801 His authority is at present chiefly received in Barbary and the other Northern States of Africa"

the Almoravides empire (the first great "Sunni Maliki" empire with there new built capital Marrakesh).

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Almora...almoravide.PNG

(the Maghreb after the fall of the Marinids,Zayannid,Hafsid period after the collapse of the Almohads empire).

20200430084136_1.jpg

the Sunni Maliki will be an latter in the religious legacy of the Maghrebi cultural group (with the exception of few ibadi area) the Maghrebi cultural is similar to the American/Canada or even "Latino cultural group" (if there is any) and is based on the mixed heritage of the Hilalians (Banu Hilal and Sulaym) and the maqil tribes wo where tribes sanded in the Maghreb by the Shia Fatimids against there Zirids vassal of Ifriqiya/Tunisia (for the Hilalians only the Maqil would come later by there own whey during this migrating invasion and join them) after being defeated by the Almohads Berbers caliphate they would part of them would be forced to migrate to part of Moroccan region by them and the rest scattered in the Maghreb region (and possible part of Sahel region).

since they could not keep they 100% of there culture they would eventually mix with the one of the Berbers resulting in melting pot-cultural group (Maghrebi cultural group Moroccan/Fassi,Algerian,Tunisian... wich will appear in some part of the maghreb) this cultural group was infused with Maliki Sunni Islam and some minors Ibadi (after the Banu Hilal and Sulaym converted from Shia to Sunni Islam) in the same why than the American/Canadian culture is infused with protestant Christianity or "latino cultural group" with catholic Christianity it will have it's golden age during the renaissance era where it's will become the offical cultural group of the principal state of north africa until today where it's the main cultural group of all of the maghreb country


the first image show the Maghrebi cultural group in the euuropa universalis 4 game (with the the mod meiou and taxes because it is more culturally precise according to my) will others image show the principal state od the maghreb during these period (second Moroccan empire,regency of Algiers and Tunis)

20200430084136_1.jpg https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saadi_...i%C3%A8cle.PNG https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A...ylestatesp.png http://https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki...Tunis_1707.jpg

the Moroccan would be the most successful during that period with Maghrebi cultural group Moroccan/Fassi culture second Moroccan empire (https://www.youtube.com)/watch?v=HKO9TB2cKB4



source:
-https://books.google.fr/books?id=BUg...africa&f=false (page 29)
-https://archive.org/details/in.ernet...earch/abadites (page 179)
-https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A9gence_de_Tunis
-https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ottoman_Algeria
-crusader kings 2 video game (screenshot by myself)
-europa universalis 4 video game (screen shoot by myself with meiou and taxes mod)

[dark-mysterio]

bump

[PAGANE]

It's not in North Africa, but it's still in Africa. Ethiopia's Stone Churches - One of the Wonders of the Christian World!

[Loki]

How did the conversion to Islam happen? Which social groups converted first and where?

Through violence and conquest, as is usual with Islamic expansion. By the sword and coercion. Non-voluntary. Massacres and enslavement.

[Nykyus]

I know that the expansion of Islam was opposed by a female ruler https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dihya.
In Aksum (Ethiopia), on the contrary, a female ruler exterminated Christians. She was of the Jewish faith https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gudit.
Muslims did not try to conquer Ethiopia, because the prophet Muhammad bequeathed not to touch. Because King Aksum granted refuge to Muhammad from persecution