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Is there any difference in mentality and lifestyle between NE and NW Caucasus?
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Yes. This is like difference between Poles (West Caucasus) and Albanians (East Caucasus).
Western Caucasus (Abkhaz and Circassians) had hierarchy-based caste-like society. On top were princes (psha) next come nobles (worq) followed by free peasants (tfoqotl) and slaves (unaut). Marriages were exogamous. Although some Circassian tribes were democratic (Shapsug, Abazeh) but main bulk were governed by aristocracy. That social structure was adopted by peoples of Central Caucasus (Ossetes, Karachay-Balkars, Abaza) and by Kumyks.
Eastern Caucasus (mountainous part) is very different. Despite existence of principalities majority of highlanders lived in tribal-based republics consisted of freemen and governed by military democracy. Marriages were endogamous. That is form of government existed in mountain part of Daghestan, Chechen republic and Ingushetia.
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I once read some figures which said that on the moment of deportation the so called democratic sub-ethnoses of Circasians - the Abdzakh and the Shapsugh + the Natukhay constituted almost half of total Circassians. But these sub-ethnoses were deported from the homeland almost totally.
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I like Lezgins and Ossetians.
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Collective praying (Zikr) during First Chechen war
Zikr on funeral
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Gamsutl was a village in Gunib district of Daghestan. Nowadays it is abandoned by inhabitants who migrated to plain. Many calls it "Daghestani Machu Picchu"
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