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Thread: Subdividing haplogroup R1a1 reveals Norse Viking dispersal lineages in Britain

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    Default Subdividing haplogroup R1a1 reveals Norse Viking dispersal lineages in Britain

    https://www.nature.com/articles/s41431-020-00747-z

    The first two attempts to sub-divide hg R1a1 [22, 23] focused on the relationships [23] between European and Asian sub-haplogroups. A more recent study resequenced almost 500 hg R1a1 chromosomes, but concentrated on the history of sub-lineages among Ashkenazi Levite Jews [24]. None of these studies has addressed the question of the possible Viking origin of R1a1 sub-haplogroups.

    Previously, we generated extensive MSY sequence data in each of 448 human males [25]. These included samples from Norway, Orkney, England and Denmark, giving a total of 27 hg R1a1 Y chromosomes, in which many novel sequence variants were ascertained. Here we exploit this resource to further investigate R1a1 sub-haplogroups in Scandinavia and western Europe. We compare the frequency of R1a1 and its sub-lineages with regions showing lower and higher Scandinavian autosomal contribution estimated in the PoBI cohort [8] and with the Danelaw, and investigate the expansion histories of sub-lineages using multiple short-tandem repeats (STRs).






    The European samples display a much greater variety of the distinguishable sub-haplogroups, and with strong geographical structuring that is consistent with the distribution suggested by the phylogeny (Fig. 2). Central Europe is dominated by sub-haplogroups R1a1-GML5*, R1a1-GML6*, R1a1-GML7 and R1a1-M458 (blue and green colours in Fig. 3b), but in the British Isles, Iceland, Norway and Sweden the sub-haplogroups R1a1-GML8* and R1a1-GML9 predominate (purple and magenta; 70% of hg R1a1; n = 256). These sub-lineages are relatively rare in continental Europe (5% of hg R1a1; n = 79) and are absent from our Danish sample. The sub-haplogroup R1a1-GML2 (orange) is found widely, though at low frequency, throughout western Europe; most Danish hg R1a1 chromosomes belong to this sub-haplogroup, and it also comprises 8% of hg R1a1 in Norway, and 20% of hg R1a1 in Sweden. Interestingly, R1a1-GML2 lies phylogenetically basal to the previously defined Asian-European split [23], yet is absent from our Asian samples, and also from central and eastern Europe. European examples of chromosomes belonging to the paragroup R1a1-GML3* are also observed (including in the British Isles), but not in central Europe or in Scandinavia.

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    Danes and Frisians while having a minority of R1a1 among the total population posses the subclade basal to Indo-Aryan R1a1 in majority amongst the R1a1 carriers... that is quite interesting

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    Don´t forget what was quoted in Anthrogenica:

    Although rare in absolute terms, R1a1-GML3* is the major sub-haplogroup found in Spain, France and Belgium, and also represents 11% of hg R1a1 chromosomes in Great Britain; its distribution seems unrelated to early medieval Viking dispersal, as shown by its complete absence in Scandinavian samples. It is also frequent in Asia (Fig. 3b, Table S5), but because of its paragroup status this does not imply a specific link, and the western-European version seems likely to represent a distinct sub-lineage that could be usefully resolved by additional SNPs.

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    Don´t forget what was quoted in Anthrogenica:

    Although rare in absolute terms, R1a1-GML3* is the major sub-haplogroup found in Spain, France and Belgium, and also represents 11% of hg R1a1 chromosomes in Great Britain; its distribution seems unrelated to early medieval Viking dispersal, as shown by its complete absence in Scandinavian samples. It is also frequent in Asia (Fig. 3b, Table S5), but because of its paragroup status this does not imply a specific link, and the western-European version seems likely to represent a distinct sub-lineage that could be usefully resolved by additional SNPs.

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    Quote Originally Posted by gixajo View Post
    Don´t forget what was quoted in Anthrogenica:
    Could it be from scythian movements into europe? Scythians picked up by the Goths? I know the surname Allen in England is connected to Yamna R1b and has been speculated to Scythian linked

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    Quote Originally Posted by Celto-Germanic View Post
    Could it be from scythian movements into europe? Scythians picked up by the Goths? I know the surname Allen in England is connected to Yamna R1b and has been speculated to Scythian linked
    I don´t know. R1a in France must have many origins, from "Germanic" neighbouring populations, to Vikings (in Northwest mostly).

    The theory that you comment was told to me by a member of the forum as a possible explanation for my haplotype when I only knew that I was R1a-M417.

    I suppose that each individual case would have to be seen in a particular way, and it requires a personalized investigation to try to find its origin.

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    Aryans

    Nordisch-Westisch or Westisch mit Nordische einschlag
    In other words: Atlantid type

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    Quote Originally Posted by gixajo View Post
    Don´t forget what was quoted in Anthrogenica:
    I guess the R1a-z93 in Belgium and England is from muslim migrants from south asia

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    Quote Originally Posted by Celto-Germanic View Post
    I guess the R1a-z93 in Belgium and England is from muslim migrants from south asia
    Some could be as you say, but the vast majority of Z93 in France I doubt that it has that origin. The R1a is very ancient, and it can come from many peoples.

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