Nepali PCA Plot with references to East Asia and South Asia

**Kaazi** · 12-25-2020, 05:32 PM

Nepalis (red cluster) lie between East Asia (rounder blue cluster) and South Asia (longer blue cluster). The plot is twisted to match with North up, East right direction.

Nepalis begin from Northwest South Asia and end at Tibetan plateau or vice versa on plot. Chhetris are East shifted from Brahmins/Bahuns. Magars and Tamangs are West shifted from Rai (Kirant)/Sherpa and Gurungs are somewhat central to Magars and Rai (Kirant). Newars are the only ones who are proper central (50/50 types) to whole Nepalese cluster while there's slight Southern pull in the middle cluster since they (Kusunda and Tharu) have higher South Eurasian proportional mix along with slightly higher East Asian mix. The one Tharu_D260 has Gangetic midcaste like mix while Kusunda15 is pulled towards South out of the cluste. Nepalese samples from Terai regions completely lack, so actually lots of Terai Nepalese cluster with Gangetic pops and can plot as South as Chamars as in case of Tharu_D254 (not in G25) which was 68% "S-Indian".

Nepali PCA plot with South and East Asians.JPG

**Kaazi** · 12-26-2020, 07:14 AM

Nepalis (red cluster) in Eurasian PCA plot with East Asia (rounder blue cluster) and South Asia (longer blue cluster). These plots are not completely factual.

Following were added for Bahun/Nepali Brahmin (13) and Chhetri/Nepali Kshatriya (3) averages.

Code:

Bahun_Average,0.0695197,-0.0389026,-0.1005172,0.0849739,-0.0614553,0.0506294,0.0015185,0.0046330,0.0085114,0.0015701,-0.0112174,-0.0031126,0.0033277,-0.0057483,0.0005429,0.0029476,0.0002909,-0.0012863,0.0011604,-0.0022126,-0.0009504,-0.0002569,0.0054893,0.0033555,0.0021646
Chhetri_Average,0.051979,-0.126941333,-0.092394667,0.058893667,-0.045444333,0.040253333,0.000862,0.008538,0.009953333,0.010691333,-0.025062,-0.005644667,0.002725333,-0.007844333,0.003890667,0.002254,0.000260667,0.003631667,-0.003100667,-0.005294333,-0.000790333,0.001071667,0.008463,-0.001204667,0.006985333

It looks like Nepalis have one of the very large stretched cluster in Asia. The diversity looks very extremely large.
Attachment 104788

Also, just knew that North East Asia and non-Mongoloid Europe look extremely homogeneous in comparison to other parts of Eurasia.

**Leto** · 12-26-2020, 07:38 AM

Do those tribes and ethnic groups even have a sense of common national identity? That doesn't look like an organic state to me, to be honest.

**Kaazi** · 12-26-2020, 08:31 AM

Originally Posted by Leto

Do those tribes and ethnic groups even have a sense of common national identity? That doesn't look like an organic state to me, to be honest.

Oh yeah, you need to visit Nepal to see how organic state it is. The foremost thing about Nepalis, is most ethnicities/tribes are distributed evenly from East to West, that most ethnicities are very much acquainted with each other. Gorkhali-ness (nationalism) has tied all sorts of Nepalese together, be it a Bahun/Brahmin or a Sherpa. Almost all speak the common Nepali language, lots of national identities are tied back to the Hindu Gorkhali regime and there's a strong feeling of commonality and nationalism among ppls. That's why it works as a state.

These men unites us.

Spoiler!

I can understand your logic behind the question. Instead, I'm amazed at how India and Russia works as a state. They've even larger diversity and the landmass is extremely massive and in such large countries, many ethnicities have not seen/acquainted with other ethnicities/tribes. You can tell me how on earth does Russia works?

**Leto** · 12-26-2020, 08:47 AM

Originally Posted by Kaazi

Oh yeah, you need to visit Nepal to see how organic state it is. The foremost thing about Nepalis, is most ethnicities/tribes are distributed evenly from East to West, that most ethnicities are very much acquainted with each other. Gorkhali-ness (nationalism) has tied all sorts of Nepalese together, be it a Bahun/Brahmin or a Sherpa. Almost all speak the common Nepali language, lots of national identities are tied back to the Hindu Gorkhali regime and there's a strong feeling of commonality and nationalism among ppls. That's why it works as a state.

I can understand your logic behind the question. Nepal looks pretty fine to me, I'm amazed at how India and Russia works as a state. They've even larger diversity or cluster than ours in the PCA plot and the landmass is extremely massive and in many cases, many people have not seen/acquainted with other ethnicities/tribes.

I see.
Won't say anything about India, perhaps they've been together for centuries and have some type of common cultural heritage but I will say that Russia is a whole different thing. First of all, it's a former empire. However ethnic Russians as late as in the 1980s made up 85% of the population with many regions being essentially monoethnic (95+% Russian). Traditional ethnic minorities have been largely concentrated in their enclaves and not spread out across the country. Now it's changing with globalization and migration and the prospects are not looking good.
I asked about Nepal because I probably had African and other post-colonial states in mind, their borders were literally artificially drawn with little to no regards to tribal, ethnic and religion divisions.

**Leto** · 12-26-2020, 08:52 AM

So those Indian-like Nepalis generally have no problem with Tibetan-looking people? I remember the Sherpas, watched some short documentary about German cosmopolitan boomers going up there and doing some charity work.

**Kaazi** · 12-26-2020, 08:59 AM

Originally Posted by Leto

I see.
Won't say anything about India, perhaps they've been together for centuries and have some type of common cultural heritage but I will say that Russia is a whole different thing. First of all, it's a former empire. However ethnic Russians as late as in the 1980s made up 85% of the population with many regions being essentially monoethnic (95+% Russian). Traditional ethnic minorities have been largely concentrated in their enclaves and not spread out across the country. Now it's changing with globalization and migration and the prospects are not looking good.
I asked about Nepal because I probably had African and other post-colonial states in mind, their borders were literally artificially drawn with little to no regards to tribal, ethnic and religion divisions.

Nepali borders were drawn by the Gorkhali Empire and not the Colonial British regime in India though they halted Nepali conquest to the current boundary in the western side. Nepali rulers and nobles had desired to annex all the Himalayas from Kashmir to Bhutan, but if that really happened, then it would have destabilized Nepal.

It's literally amazing how the Russian Slavs controlled such massive landmass from Europe to Beringia specially regions east of Ural mountains since that would be non Slavic regions?

**Kaazi** · 12-26-2020, 09:17 AM

Originally Posted by Leto

So those Indian-like Nepalis generally have no problem with Tibetan-looking people? I remember the Sherpas, watched some short documentary about German cosmopolitan boomers going up there and doing some charity work.

Nah, I don't see any problem between them. People may have their personal biases and prejudices but they won't act negatively or in racist manner, in the community level. Indian-like Nepalis have respect for the Tibetan-like Nepalis becoz they're known for their generosity, resourcefulness, cheerfulness and friendliness.

Lots of people are very orthodox (out of the capital city) and they marry within their own caste, ethnicity and community, but maintain inter-ethnic friendliness. That's why there's this diversity as well as the inter-ethnic relations are smooth. But I don't know where would globalization/cosmopolitan and race-mixing concept, lead to Nepal. There's a possibility for significant demographic change given the diversity.

**Kaazi** · 01-11-2021, 04:39 AM

Anyways, the genetic distances within Nepal. bold are Nepali caste/ethnicties. The most extreme distance is Bahun/Brahmin to Sherpa @ 42.

Distance to: Bahun_Average
0.03522784 Brahmin_Gujarat
0.04071144 Burusho
0.04108619 Kashmiri_Pandit
0.04401039 Gujar_India
0.04493579 Brahmin_West_Bengal
0.04662213 Punjabi_Sikh_India
0.04869319 Kohistani
0.04888511 Kshatriya
0.05279715 Khatri
0.05463251 Gujar_Pakistan
0.05601313 Punjabi_Jatt
0.05615406 Brahmin_Uttar_Pradesh
0.05683046 Brahmin_Tamil_Nadu
0.05872622 Sindhi
0.05891211 Iyer
0.06308570 Kamboj
0.06947517 Ror
0.07048073 Pashtun
0.07173510 Jatt_Pathak
0.07505488 Yusufzai
0.07622718 Kho_Singanali
0.07630394 Punjabi_Lahore
0.07803212 Gujarati
0.08180770 Uthmankhel
0.08291364 Kanjar
0.08310826 Kol
0.08360530 Tarkalani
0.09048868 Kalash
0.09331117 Dharkar
0.09426389 Kamboj_o

0.09793190 Chhetri_Average
0.09895129 Velamas
0.10542219 Bengali_Bangladesh
0.10586419 Uttar_Pradesh
0.11028969 Tajik_Ishkashim
0.11270873 Yadava
0.11495398 Dusadh
0.11881862 Kurumba
0.11948924 Piramalai
0.12082388 Maratha
0.12243768 Brahui
0.12478282 Gupta
0.12541206 Balochi
0.12611604 Chamar
0.12695074 Tajik
0.12727456 Chenchu
0.12975167 Tajik_Shugnan
0.13500251 Relli
0.13955425 Tajik_Rushan
0.14159508 Sakilli
0.14169852 Parsi_India
0.14293047 Makrani
0.14398795 Parsi_Pakistan
0.14506784 Pallan
0.14560356 Turkmen_Uzbekistan
0.14702592 Turkmen
0.14733410 North_Kannadi
0.15064231 Madiga
0.15174439 Hakkipikki
0.15259488 Uzbek
0.15456375 Iranian_Bandari
0.16215579 Mala
0.16286668 Tajik_Yagnobi
0.17082642 Hazara_Afghanistan
0.17577905 Iranian_B
0.17586619 Tatar_Crimean_steppe
0.18175167 Irula
0.18377895 Tatar_Lipka
0.18771806 Hazara
0.18794235 Uygur
0.18833573 Iranian_Seyyed
0.18849601 Turkish_South
0.18862262 Pulliyar
0.19133167 Iranian_Fars
0.19223351 Turkish_Southwest
0.19421537 Turkish_Northwest
0.19439162 Iranian_Mazandarani
0.19455511 Kadar
0.19556300 Turkish_Balikesir
0.19571422 Tatar_Kazan
0.19810314 Bashkir
0.19832472 Besermyan
0.19910538 Iranian_Zoroastrian
0.19918288 Malayan
0.19954275 Turkish_North
0.20042334 Turkish_Aydin
0.20081683 Abazin
0.20185731 Azeri_Dagestan
0.20196858 Azeri
0.20226934 Karachay
0.20284049 Kabardin
0.20377476 Kumyk
0.20384315 Udmurt
0.20461753 Cherkes
0.20605995 Balkar
0.20645471 Circassian
0.20682422 Avar
0.20687662 Tabasaran
0.20692091 Iranian_Lor
0.20698182 Azeri_Turkey
0.20704377 Paniya
0.20744472 Lak
0.20762817 Gond
0.20815425 Talysh_Azerbaijan
0.20841065 Ezid
0.20846466 Turkish_Central
0.20960202 Darginian
0.21041715 Tatar_Mishar
0.21047163 Kubachinian
0.21056211 Chechen
0.21063373 Turkish_Adana
0.21066708 North_Ossetian
0.21130965 Kaitag
0.21211651 Turkish_Istanbul
0.21348384 Zaza_Dersim
0.21443814 Ingushian
0.21473918 Tatar_Siberian
0.21636461 Kurdish
0.21765447 Maori
0.21769339 Nogai
0.21867935 Turkish_Kayseri
0.21962010 Adygei
0.21964387 Turkish_B
0.21964797 Turkish_Rumeli
0.21965692 Chuvash
0.21983528 Asur
0.22046986 Turkish_East
0.22073548 Komi
0.22100777 Ossetian

0.22278973 Newar
0.22789390 Turkish_Deliorman
0.23140377 Iraqi
0.23306753 Karakalpak
0.23392278 Saami
0.23593911 Saami_Kola
0.23622908 Santhal
0.23693116 Abkhasian
0.23789056 Mari
0.23791745 Brahmin_Manipuri
0.23885266 Iraqi_B
0.23979188 Bhumij
0.24164880 Mountain_Jew
0.24189446 Syrian
0.24213985 Mordovian
0.24291755 Georgian_Jew
0.24391595 Syrian_B
0.24419968 Korwa
0.24436463 Iranian_Jew
0.24559211 Assyrian
0.24691639 Birhor
0.24701563 Lebanese_Muslim_Shia
0.24820598 Tatar_Siberian_Zabolotniye
0.24822061 Ho
0.24932324 Russian_Pinega
0.24958595 Tlingit
0.25005765 Georgian_Imer
0.25101317 Lebanese_Muslim_Sunni
0.25111896 Armenian
0.25115748 Yukagir_Forest
0.25227208 Vepsian
0.25267323 Russian_Kostroma
0.25291531 Ashkenazi_Russia
0.25322503 Ashkenazi_Lithuania
0.25349877 Moldovan_o
0.25411771 Lebanese_Muslim
0.25431880 Georgian_Laz
0.25461410 Armenian_Hemsheni
0.25465603 Gagauz
0.25506111 Ashkenazi_Belarussia
0.25517238 Armenian_B
0.25528852 Karelian
0.25551732 Moldovan
0.25586203 Finnish_East
0.25654734 Turkish_Trabzon
0.25674171 Ashkenazi_Ukraine
0.25757468 Bulgarian
0.25790471 Greek_Trabzon
0.25819503 Cossack_Kuban
0.25846596 Ashkenazi_Poland
0.25864808 Jordanian
0.25945715 Gadaba
0.25970082 Iraqi_Jew
0.26000796 Lebanese_Druze
0.26009379 Greek_Cappadocia
0.26036878 Ingrian
0.26063853 Romanian
0.26067312 Kazakh
0.26074949 Finnish
0.26147763 Russian_Tver
0.26160510 Druze
0.26205232 Jordanian_B
0.26206394 Tubalar
0.26276120 Russian_Kursk
0.26290318 Rumelia_East
0.26294066 Greek_Central_Anatolia
0.26319371 Jarawa
0.26342849 Khonda_Dora
0.26352254 Karaite_Egypt
0.26353101 Syrian_Jew
0.26371066 Onge
0.26383317 Ukrainian_B
0.26400305 Greek_Macedonia
0.26400310 Greek_Crete
0.26426666 Palestinian
0.26427982 Bosnian
0.26439548 Hungarian
0.26454200 Ashkenazi_Germany
0.26466140 Montenegrin
0.26466919 Greek_Central_Macedonia

0.26485702 Tharu
0.26534830 Greek_Izmir
0.26575700 Serbian
0.26576210 Sephardic_Jew
0.26586365 Cossack_Ukrainian
0.26586624 Macedonian:Central
0.26594372 Sicilian_West
0.26596266 Macedonian:Northwest
0.26621932 Albanian
0.26635717 Italian_Calabria
0.26641764 Croatian
0.26641905 Russian_Orel
0.26655960 Macedonian

elagonia1
0.26666360 Greek_Thessaly
0.26723245 Greek_Dodecanese
0.26729891 Greek_Kos
0.26741164 Austrian
0.26756553 Greek_Peloponnese
0.26773014 Italian_Basilicata
0.26785148 French_Seine-Maritime
0.26793096 Italian_Molise
0.26819383 Swiss_Italian
0.26822151 Czech
0.26828250 Macedonian:East1
0.26828676 Sicilian_East
0.26856029 Maltese
0.26858233 Slovakian
0.26877470 Italian_Abruzzo
0.26891624 Ukrainian
0.26892331 Italian_Campania
0.26896302 Dutch
0.26942463 Slovenian
0.26952447 Romaniote_Jew
0.26972748 Cypriot
0.26990920 Italian_Umbria
0.27013455 Italian_Apulia
0.27033530 Moroccan_Jew
0.27035753 Belgian
0.27042307 BedouinA
0.27047176 Italian_Jew
0.27048882 Cypriot_B
0.27067720 Russian_Voronez
0.27075183 Lebanese_Christian_Maronite
0.27078499 Norwegian
0.27141448 Macedonian:Southeast
0.27146940 Italian_Marche
0.27153280 Libyan_Jew
0.27156766 Lebanese_Christian
0.27162470 Irish
0.27186468 Shetlandic
0.27189110 German
0.27203183 Lebanese_Christian_Greek_Orthodox
0.27217546 Italian_Tuscany
0.27219138 Orcadian
0.27230601 Swiss_German
0.27232074 Palestinian_Beit_Sahour
0.27238807 German_East
0.27240291 Italian_Liguria
0.27244654 Scottish
0.27248340 French_Provence
0.27249963 Russian_Smolensk
0.27257157 Italian_Northeast
0.27281794 French_Alsace
0.27292545 Greek_Laconia
0.27295136 Italian_Piedmont
0.27315207 French_Nord
0.27320766 Macedonian:East2
0.27329017 Polish
0.27347427 Swedish
0.27356526 French_Brittany
0.27393078 Belarusian
0.27401173 Icelandic
0.27461228 English
0.27473639 Danish
0.27477834 Welsh
0.27494318 French_Paris
0.27557778 Tunisian_Jew
0.27564615 French_Pas-de-Calais
0.27590612 Spanish_Canarias
0.27618116 Italian_Lazio
0.27623031 Italian_Veneto
0.27649585 Swiss_French
0.27683425 Bonda
0.27686747 Estonian
0.27698813 English_Cornwall
0.27742041 Italian_Aosta_Valley
0.27761752 Italian_Trentino-Alto-Adige
0.27770229 Shor_Mountain
0.27794413 Lithuanian_PA
0.27796143 Portuguese
0.27817643 Spanish_Extremadura
0.27898208 Spanish_Castilla_Y_Leon
0.27911841 Spanish_Alacant
0.27927602 Spanish_Mallorca
0.27939011 Spanish_Penedes
0.27940768 Italian_Lombardy
0.27952766 Spanish_Murcia
0.27967952 French_Auvergne
0.27998929 French_Occitanie
0.27999176 Spanish_Eivissa
0.28003990 Spanish_Galicia
0.28005475 Spanish_Girona
0.28009883 Mansi
0.28025380 Juang
0.28034624 Shor
0.28044740 Spanish_Andalucia
0.28059495 Spanish_Camp_de_Tarragona
0.28063574 Shor_Khakassia
0.28122615 Spanish_Baleares
0.28141933 Italian_Bergamo
0.28166838 Sorb_Niederlausitz
0.28186131 Spanish_Menorca
0.28227834 Lithuanian_VA
0.28248338 Spanish_Valencia
0.28249704 French_Corsica
0.28283497 Lithuanian_RA
0.28360280 Samaritan
0.28381679 Spanish_Lleida
0.28403520 Spanish_Pirineu
0.28410921 Spanish_Castilla_La_Mancha
0.28417904 Spanish_Peri-Barcelona
0.28438688 Spanish_Cataluna
0.28438983 Spanish_Terres_de_l'Ebre
0.28458593 Spanish_Castello
0.28478260 Spanish_Barcelones
0.28493304 Spanish_Aragon
0.28520681 Lithuanian_VZ
0.28556676 Spanish_Soria
0.28566251 Latvian
0.28613388 Spanish_Cantabria
0.28622694 Spanish_Catalunya_Central
0.28626754 Lithuanian_SZ
0.28703008 Greenlander_West
0.28717309 Lithuanian_PZ
0.28717871 Egyptian
0.28764571 Spanish_Asturias
0.28789388 Spanish_Navarra
0.28839658 French_South
0.28921678 Khanty
0.28923792 Yemenite_Amran
0.29116026 Kirghiz_China

0.29368664 Kusunda
0.29447109 Kirghiz
0.29632910 Khakass
0.29811719 Ket
0.29836944 Spanish_Pais_Vasco
0.29882629 Basque_French
0.29970985 Spanish_La_Rioja
0.30224302 Yemenite_Al_Bayda
0.30304504 Basque_Spanish
0.30443413 Yemenite_Dhamar
0.30502540 Libyan
0.30837259 Tunisian
0.30844477 Yemenite_Jew
0.30908804 Berber_Tunisia_Sen
0.30988803 Yemenite_Al_Jawf
0.31081053 Yemenite_Ma'rib
0.31144786 Tunisian_Rbaya
0.31198218 Saudi
0.31261581 Moroccan_North
0.31351186 Tunisian_Berber_Zraoua
0.31368287 Kazakh_China
0.31508504 BedouinB
0.31549567 Tunisian_Berber_Matmata
0.31666564 Tunisian_Berber_Tamezret
0.31673353 Algerian
0.31749632 Yemenite_Mahra
0.31769586 Tunisian_Douz
0.32108669 Berber_Tunisia_Chen
0.32622566 Altaian
0.32646524 Moroccan
0.32791215 Mozabite
0.32919413 Khakass_Kachins
0.33188925 Sardinian
0.33566889 Jehai
0.33986868 Berber_MAR_ERR
0.34085278 Greenlander_East
0.34819196 Saharawi
0.34913061 Selkup
0.35049188 Cree

Proper Tibeto-Burmese begin here:
0.35435461 Magar
0.35576452 Berber_MAR_TIZ
0.35672711 Tamang
0.36302088 Nenets
0.36355546 Mongolian
0.36426073 Jamatia
0.36512505 Kalmyk
0.36715208 Aeta
0.36855620 Tripuri
0.36985004 Agta
0.37184689 Mogush
0.37318539 Salar
0.37357342 Buryat
0.37834473 Moroccan_South
0.38056614 Dongxiang
0.38265280 Tuvinian
0.38300992 Burmese
0.39258289 Batak
0.39357413 Thai
0.39404542 Gurung
0.39463953 Dungan
0.39726844 Eritrean
0.40213936 Ethiopian_Tigray
0.40328941 Ethiopian_Afar
0.40953295 Ethiopian_Amhara
0.41175866 Ethiopian_Agaw
0.41279985 Tibetan_Gannan
0.41385119 Bonan
0.41446689 Khamnegan
0.41614077 Ethiopian_Jew
0.41652144 Tibetan_Xunhua
0.41684040 Todzin
0.41747416 Tibetan_Gangcha
0.41887621 Dolgan
0.41900499 Rai
0.42113425 Malay
0.42244100 Tu
0.42251188 Tibetan_Shannan

0.42396715 Sherpa
0.42716021 Tibetan_Shigatse
0.42884712 Cambodian
0.42952809 Tibetan_Lhasa
0.43138569 Bajo
0.43638744 Tibetan_Nagqu
0.43731373 Yugur
0.43941424 Berber_Algeria
0.44076740 Ethiopian_Oromo
0.44099044 Indonesian_Bali
0.44231173 Itelmen
0.44273942 Tibetan_Yajiang
0.44382211 Vizayan
0.44418007 Mongola
0.44429236 Tibetan_Chamdo
0.44494789 Yakut
0.44705645 Qiang_Daofu
0.44760244 Daur