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The Cro-Magnon is the name which is designated the human type corresponding to certain fossils of Homo sapiens , especially those associated with the caves of Europe where the cave paintings were found. It is usually Castilianized and abbreviated as "Cro-Magnon", especially for its use in the plural (Cro-Magnons). It's about Homo sapiensoldest on the European continent and its dating (40,000 years old) is taken as the point that begins the Upper Paleolithic. Geologist Louis Lartet discovered the first five skeletons in March 1868 in the Cro-Magnon cave (near Les Eyzies de Tayac-Sireuil, Dordogne, France), from which they get their name. The scientific community today accepts that the only reasonable candidate for the paternal lineage of the Cro-Magnon and of the majority of hunter-gatherers of the European Upper Paleolithic, is the haplogroup IJ, from which the I was born, for which the Cro-Magnon Man is a predecessor direct genetics of the current white Nordid human subspecies , and constitutes the human type of the first white males .
A 28,000-year-old Cro-Magnon DNA sequence was obtained from fossil bones discovered in Paglicci Cave in Italy. The results show that the DNA is identical to the DNA sequences of certain modern Europeans. Therefore, they claim that the DNA sequence has remained almost unchanged for 28,000 years. This, of course, confirms that Cro-Magnon Man was an anatomically "modern" individual who also had greater strength and brain power, and probably more intelligent as well. [1]
Genetics
The oldest remains of a male Cro-Magnon whose paternal haplogroup (Y-DNA) is known, is dated between 45,000 and 35,000 BCE, and belongs to the K2a * (K-M2308) haplogroup or C1 subclades ( Haplogroup C-F3393). These include the remains of man from Ust'-Ishim (West Siberia) K2a *, Oase 1 (Romania) K2a *, Kostenki 14 (Southwestern Russia) C1b, and Goyet Q116-1 (Belgium) C1a. [2] [3]
In 2003, a mitochondrial DNA sequencing of two individuals, one 23,000 years old (Paglicci 52) and the other 24,720 years old (Paglicci 12) identified mtDNA as maternal haplogroup N, typical of Central Asian descendants.
A 2015 study sequenced the genome of a 13,000-year-old western hunter-gatherer in Bichon Switzerland . It belongs to haplogroup Y-DNA I2a (I-M438) and mtDNA haplogroup U5b1h.
Haplogroup I has been found at high frequencies throughout Europe but is virtually absent elsewhere. This haplogroup has been suggested to have an origin prior to the Last Glacial Maximum and has been found in ancient hunter-gatherer samples from central and northern Europe. [4]
Contact and hybridization with Neanderthal man
Cro-magnon man ( Homo sapiens ) had contact with another hominin species , Homo neanderthalensis during the early Upper Paleolithic stages in Europe, where there were populations of both species for a brief period - up to about 29,000 years ago , or even about 27,000 years in the south of the Iberian Peninsula. Although the Neanderthal probably became extinct due to territorial competition, several analyzes have concluded that there was hybridization between both species and the total amount of the Neanderthal genome that has survived in modern non-African Homo sapiens is estimated at 20% .
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Video in spanish https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TFQhS80nDk8&t=633s
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