Ethnic background of all the heads of state in Hungary's history

[Dunai]

I have done a research for personal curiosity about the ethnic background of all the people who were the heads of state in Hungary, and I would like to share the data with you all. These results are not based on deep ancestry, but only took into account the ethnic background of the grandparents of a particular individual. There might be some small mistakes here and there, but overall I still believe this is pretty close to reality if we take into consideration only recent ethnic background for the given individual.

I will begin with the monarchs of Hungary:

House of Árpád
Stephen I, King (997-1038): 75% Hungarian, 25% Pecheneg
Peter, King (1038-1041, 1044-1046): 50% Italian, 25% Hungarian, 25% Pecheneg
Samuel Aba, King (1041-1044): 100% Khazar
Andrew I, King (1046-1060): 75% Hungarian, 25% Bulgarian
Béla I, King (1060-1063): 75% Hungarian, 25% Bulgarian
Solomon, King (1063-1074): 25% Bulgarian, 25% Hungarian, 25% Russian, 25% Swedish
Géza I, King (1074-1077): 25% Bulgarian, 25% Hungarian, 25% German, 25% Polish
Ladislaus I, King (1077-1095): 25% Bulgarian, 25% Hungarian, 25% German, 25% Polish
Coloman, King (1095-1116): 25% Dutch, 25% Flemish, 25% Hungarian, 25% Polish
Stephen II, King (1116-1131): 50% Norman, 25% Flemish, 25% Hungarian
Béla II, King (1131-1141): 25% Czech, 25% Flemish, 25% Hungarian, 25% Russian
Géza II, King (1131-1162): 25% Byzantine, 25% Hungarian, 25% Russian, 25% Serb
Stephen III, King (1162-1172): 50% Russian, 25% Hungarian, 25% Serb
Ladislaus II, King (1162-1163): 25% Byzantine, 25% Hungarian, 25% Russian, 25% Serb
Stephen IV, King (1163-1165): 25% Byzantine, 25% Hungarian, 25% Russian, 25% Serb
Béla III, King (1172-1196): 50% Russian, 25% Hungarian, 25% Serb
Emeric, King (1196-1204): 50% French, 25% Hungarian, 25% Russian
Ladislaus III, King (1204-1205): 50% Spanish, 25% French, 25% Hungarian
Andrew II, King (1205-1235): 50% French, 25% Hungarian, 25% Russian
Béla IV, King (1235-1270): 25% Bavarian, 25% German, 25% French, 25% Hungarian
Stephen V, King (1270-1272): 50% Byzantine, 25% Bavarian, 25% Hungarian
Ladislaus IV, King (1272-1290): 50% Cuman, 25% Byzantine, 25% Hungarian
Andrew III, King (1290-1301): 75% Italian, 25% Hungarian

House of Přemyslid
Wenceslaus, King (1301-1305): 50% German, 25% Czech, 25% Russian

House of Wittelsbach
Otto, King (1305-1307): 50% Bavarian, 25% Byzantine, 25% Hungarian

House of Anjou
Charles I, King (1308-1342): 50% German, 25% Hungarian, 25% Italian
Louis I, King (1342-1382): 50% Polish, 25% German, 25% Italian
Mary, Queen (1382-1385, 1386-1395): 50% Polish, 25% Bosnian, 25% Hungarian
Charles II, King (1385-1386): 75% Italian, 25% French

House of Luxembourg
Sigismund, King (1387-1437): 50% Polish, 25% Czech, 25% German

House of Habsburg
Albert, King (1437-1439): 50% Bavarian, 25% Austrian, 25% Polish
Ladislaus V, King (1444-1457): 50% Austrian, 25% Bavarian, 25% German
Ferdinand I, King (1526-1564): 50% Spanish, 25% Austrian, 25% French
Maximilian, King (1563-1576): 25% Austrian, 25% French, 25% Polish, 25% Spanish
Rudolf, King (1572-1608): 50% Austrian, 25% Polish, 25% Portuguese
Matthias II, King (1608-1618): 50% Austrian, 25% Polish, 25% Portuguese
Ferdinant II, King (1618-1637): 50% Austrian, 25% Bavarian, 25% Polish
Ferdinand III, King (1625-1657): 50% Bavarian, 25% Austrian, 25% French
Ferdinand IV, King (1647-1654): 50% Austrian, 25% Bavarian, 25% Spanish
Leopold I, King (1657-1705): 50% Austrian, 25% Bavarian, 25% Spanish
Joseph I, King (1687-1711): 50% German, 25% Austrian, 25% Spanish
Charles III, King (1711-1740): 50% German, 25% Austrian, 25% Spanish
Maria Theresa, Queen (1740-1780): 50% German, 25% Austrian, 25% Bavarian

House of Jagiellon
Vladislaus I, King (1440-1444): 50% Lithuanian, 50% Russian
Vladislaus II, King (1490-1516): 50% Lithuanian, 50% Austrian
Louis II, King (1516-1526): 50% French, 25% Austrian, 25% Lithuanian

House of Hunyadi
Matthias Corvinus, King (1458-1490): 50% Hungarian, 50% Romanian

House of Zápolya
John Zápolya I, King (1526-1540): 50% Hungarian, 50% Polish
John Zápolya II, King (1540-1571): 50% Polish, 25% Hungarian, 25% Italian

House of Habsburg-Lorraine
Joseph II, King (1780-1790): 50% Austrian, 25% French, 25% German
Leopold II, King (1790-1792): 50% Austrian, 25% French, 25% German
Francis I, King (1792-1835): 50% Austrian, 25% German, 25% Spanish
Ferdinand V, King (1830-1848): 50% Austrian, 50% Spanish
Franz Joseph I, King (1848-1916): 50% German, 25% Austrian, 25% Spanish
Charles IV, King (1916-1918): 50% Austrian, 25% German, 25% Portuguese

[Dunai]

Now I will post the various other heads of state who ruled Hungary (or what was left of it), but weren't officially monarchs:

Grand Princes
Álmos, Grand Prince (850-895): Hungarian
Árpád, Grand Prince (895-907): Hungarian
Zolta, Grand Prince (907-947): Hungarian
Falicsi, Grand Prince (947-955): Hungarian
Taksony, Grand Prince (955-972): Hungarian
Géza, Grand Prince (972-997): 50% Hungarian, 50% Pecheneg

Regents
John Hunyadi, Regent (1446-1453): Romanian
Michael Szilágyi, Regent (1458): Hungarian
Alvise Gritti, Regent (1530-1534): Italian
Isabella Jagiellon, Regent (1540-1551, 1556-1559): 50% Italian, 25% Austrian, 25% Lithuanian
Johann Caspar von Ampringen, Regent (1673-1679): German
Artúr Görgei, Dictator (1849): Hungarian
Joseph August of Austria, Regent (1919): 50% Austrian, 25% French, 25% German
Miklós Horthy, Regent (1920-1944): Hungarian

Princes of Transylvania
Stephen Báthory, Prince (1571-1586): Hungarian
Sigismund Báthory, Prince (1586-1599, 1601-1602): Hungarian
Andrew Báthory, Prince (1599): Hungarian
Michael the Brave, Prince (1599-1600): Romanian
Moses Székely, Prince (1603): Hungarian
Stephen Bocskai, Prince (1605-1606): Hungarian
Sigismund Rákóczi, Prince (1607-1608): Hungarian
Gabriel Báthory, Prince (1608-1613): Hungarian
Gabriel Bethlen, Prince (1613-1629): Hungarian
Catherine of Brandenburg, Princess (1629-1630): German
Stephen Bethlen, Prince (1630): Hungarian
George I Rákóczi, Prince (1630-1648): Hungarian
George II Rákóczi, Prince (1648-1660): Hungarian
Francis Rhédey, Prince (1657-1658): Hungarian
Ákos Barcsay, Prince (1658-1660): Hungarian
John Kemény, Prince (1661-1662): Hungarian
Michael I Apafi, Prince (1661-1690): Hungarian
Emeric Thököly, Prince (1682-1685, 1690): Hungarian
Francis II Rákóczi, Prince (1704-1711): 50% Croat, 50% Hungarian

General Secretaries
Mátyás Rákosi, General Secretary (1948-1956): Jewish
Ernő Gerő, General Secretary (1956): Jewish
János Kádár, General Secretary (1956-1988): 50% German, 25% Hungarian, 25% Slovak
Károly Grósz, General Secretary (1988-1989): Hungarian
Rezső Nyers, General Secretary (1989): Hungarian

[Dunai]

And lastly the list of prime ministers, since this position always empowered its holder to govern the country, almost independently from the will of the king or as the sole highest political position in the country:

Prime Ministers
Lajos Batthyány, Prime Minister (1848): Hungarian
Lajos Kossuth, Prime Minister (1848-1849): 50% German, 25% Hungarian, 25% Slovak
Bertalan Szemere, Prime Minister (1849): Hungarian
Gyula Andrássy, Prime Minister (1867-1871): Hungarian
Menyhért Lónyay, Prime Minister (1871-1872): Hungarian
József Szlávy, Prime Minister (1872-1874): Hungarian
István Bittó, Prime Minister (1874-1875): Hungarian
Béla Wenckheim, Prime Minister (1875): 75% Hungarian, 25% Austrian
Kálmán Tisza, Prime Minister (1875-1890): Hungarian
Gyula Szapáry, Prime Minister (1890-1892): Hungarian
Sándor Wekerle, Prime Minister (1892-1895, 1906-1910, 1917-1918): 50% German, 50% Hungarian
Dezső Bánffy, Prime Minister (1895-1899): Hungarian
Kálmán Széll, Prime Minister (1899-1903): Hungarian
Károly Khuen-Héderváry, Prime Minister (1903, 1910-1912): 50% Austrian, 50% Hungarian
István Tisza, Prime Minister (1903-1905, 1913-1917): 50% German, 50% Hungarian
Géza Fejérváry, Prime Minister (1905-1906): Hungarian
László Lukács, Prime Minister (1912-1913): Armenian
Móric Esterházy, Prime Minister (1917): 50% Austrian, 50% Hungarian
Mihály Károlyi, Prime Minister (1918-1919): Hungarian
Sándor Garbai, Prime Minister (1919): Hungarian
Gyula Károlyi, Prime Minister (1919, 1931-1932): 75% Hungarian, 25% German
Dezső Pattantyús-Ábrahám, Prime Minister (1919): Hungarian
Gyula Peidl, Prime Minister (1919): Hungarian
István Friedrich, Prime Minister (1919): German
Károly Huszár, Prime Minister (1919-1920): Austrian
Sándor Simonyi-Semadam, Prime Minister (1920): Hungarian
Pál Teleki, Prime Minister (1920-1921, 1939-1941): 50% Greek, 50% Hungarian
István Bethlen, Prime Minister (1921-1931): Hungarian
Gyula Gömbös, Prime Minister (1932-1936): 50% German, 50% Hungarian
Kálmán Darányi, Prime Minister (1936-1938): Hungarian
Béla Imrédy, Prime Minister (1938-1939): Hungarian
László Bárdossy, Prime Minister (1941-1942): Hungarian
Miklós Kállay, Prime Minister (1942-1944): Hungarian
Döme Sztójay, Prime Minister (1944): Serbian
Géza Lakatos, Prime Minister (1944): Hungarian
Ferenc Szálasi, Prime Minister (1944-1945): 50% Hungarian, 25% Armenian, 25% Austrian
Béla Miklós, Prime Minister (1944-1945): Hungarian
Zoltán Tildy, Prime Minister (1945-1946): Hungarian
Ferenc Nagy, Prime Minister (1946-1947): Hungarian
Lajos Dinnyés, Prime Minister (1947-1948): Hungarian
Miklós Németh, Prime Minister (1989-1990): 50% German, 50% Hungarian
József Antall, Prime Minister (1990-1993): 75% Hungarian, 25% Jewish
Péter Boross, Prime Minister (1993-1994): Hungarian
Gyula Horn, Prime Minister (1994-1998): 50% Hungarian, 50% Jewish
Viktor Orbán, Prime Minister (1998-2002, 2010-present): Hungarian
Péter Medgyessy, Prime Minister (2002-2004): Hungarian
Ferenc Gyurcsány, Prime Minister (2004-2009): Hungarian
Gordon Bajnai, Prime Minister (2009-2010): Hungarian

[Nurzat]

when you say Russian you mean from Kievan Rus' / Ruthenian, right?

[vbnetkhio]

Béla III, King (1172-1196): 50% Russian, 25% Hungarian, 25% Serb

we'll soon have the autosomal data of him and one more Arpad.

[Dunai]

we'll soon have the autosomal data of him and one more Arpad.

Do you have any information who is working on it, or how did your hear about it? Very curious about his autosomal results, if will it reflect his ethnic composition or not.

[vbnetkhio]

Do you have any information who is working on it, or how did your hear about it? Very curious about his autosomal results, if will it reflect his ethnic composition or not.

I literally found the data digging trough the European Nucleotide Archive, lol.
https://www.theapricity.com/forum/sh...=1#post7176367

I asked the more experienced forum members here to convert it, hopefully the'll be working on it

[Rethel]

Ethnic background of all the heads of state in Hungary's history

And now you can officially proclaim yourself anti-hungarian, and give yourself a thumb donw


Btw, if you wanted to show original genetic make-up, then these percentages are wrong, and the picture is too simplyfy.
In the case of monarchs, country where grandmother was born doesn't equal 100% au from that country.

Let's take Charles the Last. He had at maximum 3% hungarian and at least 10-15% german from his supossedly 25% portugese side.

Vladislav the First on the other hand - if he had at best 15-25% lithuanian it would be good. Rest was russian.

[Dunai]

And now you can officially proclaim yourself anti-hungarian, and give yourself a thumb donw


Btw, if you wanted to show original genetic make-up, then these percentages are wrong, and the picture is too simplyfy.
In the case of monarchs, country where grandmother was born doesn't equal 100% au from that country.

Let's take Charles the Last. He had at maximum 3% hungarian and at least 10-15% german from his supossedly 25% portugese side.

Vladislav the First on the other hand - if he had at best 15-25% lithuanian it would be good. Rest was russian.

Do you still have reading comprehension difficulties after all these years of interacting on a largely English-based forum, since I clearly specified this is not a deep ancestry study, but recent ancestry? On the other hand ethnic background of any European royalty has no relevance to the general ethnic background of the people they ruled over. Everywhere in Europe royalty was more or less mixed between different royal houses, while the people they ruled over were more or less homologous. Thirdly, ethnic identity is culture based and not based on genes and blood. Only deranged Nazis like you still cling religiously to blood connection, which is on its own a completely unscientific and laughable argument.

[Rethel]

Do you still have reading comprehension difficulties after all these years of interacting on a largely English-based forum, since I clearly specified this is not a deep ancestry study, but recent ancestry?

Yes, I read it, and what? Can't I write examples of how misguiding it can be?
Is it forbidden or what? You gave your examples, I gave mine. What's a big deal?
Are you still eaten insidly by anger and frustration?

but recent ancestry?

How there can be some recent ancestry, when there is no ancestry at all?!
In many cases you just took a country were the person was born and counted
it as 50 or 25%, when a person has no ancestry from that country at all.

But there is a positive side of your work anyway. It shows clearly, how stupid, senseless
and misguiding can be a schizophrenic attitude towards ascendants, genealogy and genetics.
It would be good if you would learn this from your work, which surely took a lot of time.

On the other hand ethnic background of any European royalty has no relevance to the general ethnic background of the people they ruled over. Everywhere in Europe royalty was more or less mixed between different royal houses, while the people they ruled over were more or less homologous.

Really?!

Thirdly, ethnic identity is culture based and not based on genes and blood.

It depends. You can't take people who dance a cancan, and proclaim them an ethnicity.

Only deranged Nazis like you still cling religiously to blood connection

Others are accusing me of the opposite, so how?

which is on its own a completely unscientific and laughable argument.

What has science to do with a fictional statement of mine created by your lying mind?