Originally Posted by
Diego Garcia
Ah, okay, okay. I got it now.
Family names or last names are both of them: the first last name would be the father's surname; the second last surname would be the mother's surname, in order to shorten.
Yes, usually we're identified or called or referencied by our name (Pepe, Paco, Federico, Sergio, etc.) and our first surname (our father's name), following our system of surnames. But normally and officially through both last surnames (aside from our name), especially before the Administration.
But not always, some people are recognised or referencied by their second surname, i.e., their mother's surname. E.g.: Antonio González Banderas ==> Antonio Banderas; José Luís Rodríguez Zapatero ==> José Luis Zapatero, due to different reasons.
But the most usual way it's one of their names (Francisco, José, Federico) and their first surname, their father's name. Administratively
--public or private--, both of them.
In Spain and in most countries in Hispano America, I think.
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