What was the impact of black slaves in southern europe?

[Defcon2]

Is this regional? I’ve seen many results, but few have any. 60% just seems to overstate it. Wouldn’t we see more happlogroups?

The high point of the gradient is in the southwest and decreases in the northeast. I don't know how much it is in percentage terms.

Lastly, three recent studies highlight the possibility of genetic exchange between Europe and Africa. Moorjani et al. (9) estimated that about 1–3% of recent Sub-Saharan African ancestry is present in multiple southern European populations; Cerezo et al. (23) find evidence of older (11,000 ya) Sub-Saharan gene flow toward Europe based on mtDNA genomes; and Auton et al. (8) found that short haplotypes were shared between the Yoruban Nigerians and southwestern Europeans.

https://www.pnas.org/content/110/29/11791#ref-23

Phylogeographic analyses showed that ∼65% of the European L lineages most likely arrived in rather recent historical times, including the Romanization period, the Arab conquest of the Iberian Peninsula and Sicily, and during the period of the Atlantic slave trade. However, the remaining 35% of L mtDNAs form European-specific subclades, revealing that there was gene flow from sub-Saharan Africa toward Europe as early as 11,000 yr ago.

https://genome.cshlp.org/content/22/...e2=tf_ipsecsha