Newfoundland and Labrador: A mosaic founder population of an Irish and British diaspora from 300 yea

[Creoda]

Newfoundlanders might be the closest British equivalent to French Canadians/Afrikaners etc outside Europe. Mostly descended from a bottleneck of Southern English + Southern Irish from the 18th century.

https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1....486593v2.full

Abstract
The founder population of Newfoundland and Labrador (NL) is a unique genetic resource, in part due to geographic and cultural isolation, where historical records describe a migration of European settlers to NL in the 18th and 19th centuries. However, the fine-scale genetic structure and ancestry of the population has not been well described. Here, we leverage dense genome-wide SNP data on 1,807 NL individuals to reveal fine-scale genetic structure in NL that is clustered around coastal communities and correlated with Christian denomination. We show that the majority of NL European ancestry can be traced back to the south-east and south-west of Ireland and England. We date a substantial population size bottleneck approximately 10-15 generations ago in NL, associated with increased haplotype sharing and autozygosity. Our results elucidate novel insights into the population history of NL and demonstrate evidence of a population conducive to further genetic studies and biomarker discovery.

In my collected North American K13 averages, Newfoundlanders are unique in being closest to Southwest English (other British-majority states/provinces are closer to Southeast English)

Distance to:	Canada_Newfoundland
1.05418215	English_West-Country
1.29961533	Cornish
1.30988549	English_West-Midlands
1.45787517	English_Southeast
1.78204938	English_East-Midlands
1.94491645	English_East
2.24875521	English_Lancashire
2.42777676	English_Northeast
2.47776109	English_Yorkshire
2.68533052	Welsh_South

Distance to:	Canada_Newfoundland
0.88362888	English_Southwest
1.44041661	English_Midlands
1.46478667	English_Southeast
2.02155880	Welsh
2.07316184	English_North
3.14165561	Scottish
3.39972058	French_Brittany
3.70175634	Dutch
4.15594755	Dutch_Central
4.31965276	Dutch_South

[Colonel Frank Grimes]