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OPINION
As defined by Associate Professor of Spanish & Portuguese at Northwestern University, Dr. Dario Fernandez-Morera. Latino "refers to someone who belongs to the cultures of the Romance Languages, that is, those peoples whose language, and to a varying extent, whose culture, too, derive from the language and civilization of Rome, which was latin. Among these Romance languages are Italian, French, Spanish, Portuguese, and Rumanian. Therefore, all Italians, Frenchmen, Spaniards, Rumanians, and Portuguese, as well as all those Latin Americans whose language is Spanish or Portuguese (an English-speaking person from Jamaica would not qualify) are latinos. This last meaning can be found in the English language as well, in the English word 'Latin'".
In essence, Latino simply means Latin and quite literally refers to someone belonging to the people of ancient Latium, in Italy, whose language was Latin, including the Romans from which the Romance languages are derived.
Historically, the terms Latin / Latino have been used in a handful of international contexts. One such is the Latin Union (Unión Latina(es)) whose member countries included the following:
•Spanish:
· Bolivia
· Chile
· Colombia
· Costa Rica
· Cuba
· Dominican Republic
· Ecuador
· El Salvador
· Equatorial Guinea
· Guatemala
· Honduras
· Nicaragua
· Panama
· Paraguay
· Peru
· Philippines
· Spain
· Uruguay
· Venezuela
•French:
· France
· Haiti
· Ivory Coast
· Monaco
· Senegal
•Italian:
· Italy
· San Marino
•Portuguese:
· Angola
· Brazil
· Cape Verde
· East Timor
· Guinea-Bissau
· Mozambique
· Portugal
· São Tomé and Príncipe
•Romanian:
· Moldova
· Romania
•Catalan:
· Andorra
•Observers:
· Argentina
· Holy See
· Mexico
· Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Another such organization was the proposed union of Romance-language-speaking Central African countries, the United States of Latin Africa (Estados Unidos de África Latina(es)), composed of...:
•Angola
•Burundi
•French Cameroon
•Central African Republic
•Chad
•Democratic Republic of the Congo
•Equatorial Guinea
•Gabon
•Republic of Congo
•Rwanda
Though these organizations do not encompass all the Neo-Latin nations, they serve to prove my point: Latino/a (a.k.a Latin) is broader than just Latin America. It includes Latin Europe, Latin Africa, as well as the arguably unattested Latin Asia and Latin Oceania, etcetera.
Returning full circle, Dr. Dario Fernandez-Morera notes that "the word Latino now serves to categorize those people who come from Latin America, or descend from people from Latin America, where the spoken language is Spanish, but who are not happy with a noun such as 'Hispanic,' which is too redolent of Spain, a country to which many of those formerly categorized as 'Hispanics' do not want to be connected. This is the case, for example, of some residents of Mexican descent in the United States, who do not want to be called 'Hispanics, but 'Latinos'".
Nevertheless, it appears that the term Latino has been debased, especially in the U.S. where predominantly Hispanic, Latin American, bronze race groups have seemingly appropriated it, inadvertently and thanks to the U.S. government, and in effect denies those of meta-ethic Latin background from identifying with their Romanic roots.
Attached is an imperfect world map of the Latin countries:
→Latin-Countries-World-Map.png←
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