A genetic history of the Balkans from Roman frontier to Slavic migrations

**Ajeje Brazorf** · 12-07-2023, 07:18 PM

https://www.cell.com/cell/fulltext/S...674(23)01135-2

• A frontier region of ancient Rome was as cosmopolitan as the imperial center
• Genetic proof that migrants identified as Goths were ethnically diverse confederations
• Slavic-speaking migrants account for 30%–60% of the ancestry of Balkan peoples today
• A model for integrating archaeology with genetics

The rise and fall of the Roman Empire was a socio-political process with enormous ramifications for human history. The Middle Danube was a crucial frontier and a crossroads for population and cultural movement. Here, we present genome-wide data from 136 Balkan individuals dated to the 1 st millennium CE. Despite extensive militarization and cultural influence, we find little ancestry contribution from peoples of Italic descent. However, we trace a large-scale influx of people of Anatolian ancestry during the Imperial period. Between 250 and 550 CE, we detect migrants with ancestry from Central/Northern Europe and the Steppe, confirming that ‘‘barbarian’’ migrations were propelled by ethnically diverse confederations. Following the end of Roman control, we detect the large-scale arrival of individuals who were genetically similar to modern Eastern European Slavic-speaking populations, who contributed 30%–60% of the ancestry of Balkan people, representing one of the largest permanent demographic changes anywhere in Europe during the Migration Period.

**Ajeje Brazorf** · 12-07-2023, 07:19 PM

**Ajeje Brazorf** · 12-07-2023, 07:23 PM

Label	Sample	Date	Coverage	Lat. and Long.	Y-DNA 1	Y-DNA 2	Y-DNA 3
Austria_Pottenbrunn_EarlyMedieval	I15232	838	68,37%	48.241109, 15.701654	R1a1a1b1a1a1a1a2	R-Y4135	R1a,R-M459,R-M198,R-M417,R-Z645,R-Z283,R-Z282,R-PF6155,R-M458,R-PF7521,R-Y2604,R-L260,R-YP256,R-YP254,R-Y4135
Croatia_Brekinjova	I26748	838	73,30%	45.341873, 16.093509	R1a1a1b1a1a1a	R-YP1337	R1a,R-M459,R-M198,R-M417,R-Z645,R-Z283,R-Z282,R-PF6155,R-M458,R-PF7521,R-Y2604,R-L260,R-YP1337
Croatia_Brekinjova	I26749	832	64,66%	45.341873, 16.093509	J1a2a1a2d2b2b2c4d~	J-Y4349	J1a,J-Z2215,J-Z2217,J-L620,J-PF4816,J-L136,J-P58,J-CTS9721,J-Z643,J-Z1865,J-Z1853,J-Z2331,J-Z2324,J-Z2317,J-Z2313,J-YSC0000234,J-Z1884,J-FGC11,J-Y3014,J-S21237,J-Y4348,J-Y4349
Croatia_Cepinski	I35081	760	96,32%	45.50267047, 18.47583786		..	..
Croatia_Gardun	I26894	480	75,62%	43.602409, 16.715252	..	..	..
Croatia_Gardun	I26895	480	72,60%	43.602409, 16.715252	..	..	..
Croatia_Gardun	I26896	500	..	43.602409, 16.715252	..	..	..
Croatia_Gardun	I26897	500	82,00%	43.602409, 16.715252	R1b1a1b1a1a2b1	R-L2	R1b,R-M269,R-L23,R-L52,R-L151,R-P312,R-U152,R-L2
Croatia_Gardun	I26899	500	1,86%	43.602409, 16.715252	E1b1b1a1b1	E-L618	E1b,E-M78,E-L618
Croatia_Gornji	I34980	1250	95,43%	44.70660352, 15.26939199		..	..
Croatia_Gornji	I35008	1700	95,23%	44.70660352, 15.26939199	R1a1a1b1a2b3a4a2d	R-YP613	R1a,R-M459,R-M198,R-M417,R-Z645,R-Z283,R-Z282,R-Z280,R-CTS1211,R-Y35,R-CTS3402,R-Y2613,R-Y2609,R-Y2608,R-YP613
Croatia_Gornji	I35010	1100	95,20%	44.70660352, 15.26939199		..	..
Croatia_Gornji	I35012	1204	91,96%	44.70660352, 15.26939199	R1a1a1b1a2b	R-YP971	R1a,R-M459,R-M198,R-M417,R-Z645,R-Z283,R-Z282,R-Z280,R-CTS1211,R-YP343,R-YP340,R-YP371,R-YP971
Croatia_Gornji	I35014	1100	27,02%	44.70660352, 15.26939199	R1b1a1b1b3a1a1a	R-Y14300	R1b,R-M269,R-L23,R-Z2103,R-M12149,R-Z2106,R-Z2108,R-Z2110,R-CTS7556,R-Y5592,R-CTS1450,R-Y18959,R-Y5587,R-Y14300
Croatia_Gornji	I35095	1100	94,94%	44.70660352, 15.26939199		..	..
Croatia_Jagodnjak	I26745	724	74,55%	45.695289, 18.564403	..	..	..
Croatia_Jagodnjak	I26746	725	77,18%	45.695289, 18.564403	G2a2a1a2a1a1	G-Z6494	G2a,G-L1259,G-PF3147,G-PF3148,G-PF3177,L91,G-Z6484,G-Z6284,G-Z6128,G-PF3239,G-L166,G-Z6494
Croatia_Jagodnjak	I26747	723	76,70%	45.695289, 18.564403	..	..	..
Croatia_MalaMetaljka	I24343	514	2,89%	45.12773, 15.31854	..	..	..
Croatia_Nustar	I28388	800	72,18%	45.338156, 18.845028	E1b1b1a1b1a10b	E-FGC11457	E1b,E-M78,E-L618,E-V13,E-Z1057,E-CTS1273,E-BY3880,E-Z5018,E-S2979,E-FGC11457
Croatia_Nustar	I28390	847	72,34%	45.338156, 18.845028	..	..	..
Croatia_Nustar	I28392	800	73,02%	45.338156, 18.845028	..	..	..
Croatia_Nustar	I28393	800	71,53%	45.338156, 18.845028	..	..	..
Croatia_Nustar	I28394	800	71,93%	45.338156, 18.845028	..	..	..
Croatia_Nustar	I28397	800	71,65%	45.338156, 18.845028	J2b2a1a1a1a1a1a1~	J-Z1043	J2b,J-M102,J-Z534,J-Z1825,J-Z593,J-M241,J-L283,J-Z622,J-Z600,J-Z585,J-Z615,J-Z597,J-Z2507,J-Z638,J-Z1297,J-Z1295,J-Z8421,J-Z631,J-Z1043
Croatia_Nustar	I28398	800	73,10%	45.338156, 18.845028	..	..	..
Croatia_Nustar	I28400	800	73,36%	45.338156, 18.845028	Q1a2a1	Q-YP844	Q1a,Q-M25,Q-L712,Q-YP832,Q-L715,Q-YP844
Croatia_Nustar	I34800	800	91,56%	45.338156, 18.845028	J2b2a1a1a1a1a1a	J-Z1043	J2b,J-M102,J-Z534,J-Z1825,J-Z593,J-M241,J-L283,J-Z622,J-Z600,J-Z585,J-Z615,J-Z597,J-Z2507,J-Z638,J-Z1297,J-Z1295,J-Z8421,J-Z631,J-Z1043
Croatia_Osijek	I26750	250	76,39%	45.55582281, 18.71802004	..	..	..
Croatia_Osijek	I26751	250	66,02%	45.55582281, 18.71802004	..	..	..
Croatia_Osijek	I26752	250	77,21%	45.55582281, 18.71802004	J2b2a1a1a1a1a2a~	J-Y23094	J2b,J-M102,J-Z534,J-Z1825,J-Z593,J-M241,J-L283,J-Z622,J-Z600,J-Z585,J-Z615,J-Z597,J-Z2507,J-Z638,J-Z1297,J-Y27522,J-Y23094
Croatia_Osijek	I26753	250	76,55%	45.55582281, 18.71802004	G2a2b2a1a1a1a	G-L13	G2a,G-L1259,G-L30,G-P303,G-L140,G-PF3346,G-PF3345,G-Z6779,G-U1,G-L13
Croatia_Osijek	I26754	250	44,03%	45.55582281, 18.71802004	..	..	..
Croatia_Sipar	I26765	725	76,62%	45.46729557, 13.50679464	G2a2b2a4a1a1b	G-Y7538	G2a,G-L1259,G-L30,G-P303,G-L140,G-PF3346,G-PF3345,G-L497,G-Z1815,G-Y7538
Croatia_Sipar	I26766	725	78,17%	45.46729557, 13.50679464	R1a1a1b1a2b3a3a2g2b1~	R-YP4966	R1a,R-M459,R-M198,R-M417,R-Z645,R-Z283,R-Z282,R-Z280,R-CTS1211,R-Y35,R-CTS3402,R-Y33,R-CTS8816,R-Y2902,R-Y3226,R-Y3219,R-YP4863,R-YP4966
Croatia_Sipar	I26767	600	69,99%	45.46729557, 13.50679464	G2a2a1a2a1a1	G-Z6494	G2a,G-L1259,G-PF3147,G-PF3148,G-PF3177,L91,G-Z6484,G-Z6284,G-Z6128,G-PF3239,G-L166,G-Z6494
Croatia_SisakPogorelec	I26761	375	11,25%	45.488546, 16.369357	..	..	..
Croatia_SisakPogorelec	I26762	375	70,51%	45.488546, 16.369357	..	..	..
Croatia_SisakPogorelec	I26763	375	78,18%	45.488546, 16.369357	R1b1a1b1a1a2a2a	R-L617	R1b,R-M269,R-L23,R-L52,R-L151,R-P312,R-DF27,R-Z2552,R-L617
Croatia_SisakPogorelec	I26764	375	78,99%	45.488546, 16.369357	..	..	..
Croatia_SisakPogorelec	I28446	375	66,27%	45.488546, 16.369357	..	..	..
Croatia_SisakPogorelec	I28447	375	74,31%	45.488546, 16.369357	..	..	..
Croatia_SisakPogorelec	I28448	375	74,04%	45.488546, 16.369357	..	..	..
Croatia_TrogirDobric	I26709	450	76,42%	43.52021385, 16.25063325	..	..	..
Croatia_TrogirDobric	I26711	450	..	43.52021385, 16.25063325	..	..	..
Croatia_TrogirDobric	I26713	300	..	43.52021385, 16.25063325	..	..	..
Croatia_TrogirDobric	I26714	350	83,06%	43.52021385, 16.25063325	..	..	..
Croatia_TrogirDobric	I26717	450	..	43.52021385, 16.25063325	..	..	..
Croatia_TrogirDobric	I26718	250	29,92%	43.52021385, 16.25063325	R1b1a1b1b3a1a1b	R-BY250	R1b,R-M269,R-L23,R-Z2103,R-M12149,R-Z2106,R-Z2108,R-Z2110,R-CTS7556,R-Y5592,R-CTS1450,R-BY251,R-BY250
Croatia_TrogirDobric	I26719	250	45,94%	43.52021385, 16.25063325	..	..	..
Croatia_TrogirDragulin	I26702	100	75,31%	43.5204333, 16.24595275	E1b1b1a1b1a14~	E-Y16729	E1b,E-M78,E-L618,E-V13,E-Z1057,E-CTS1273,E-BY3880,E-Y16729
Croatia_TrogirDragulin	I26703	100	76,36%	43.5204333, 16.24595275	..	..	..
Croatia_TrogirDragulin	I26704	100	75,97%	43.5204333, 16.24595275	..	..	..
Croatia_TrogirDragulin	I26705	100	58,47%	43.5204333, 16.24595275	..	..	..
Croatia_TrogirDragulin	I26706	25	..	43.5204333, 16.24595275	..	..	..
Croatia_TrogirDragulin	I26707	100	74,87%	43.5204333, 16.24595275	..	..	..
Croatia_TrogirDragulin	I26708	100	76,51%	43.5204333, 16.24595275	..	..	..
Croatia_Zadar	I26775	200	68,30%	44.1092, 15.23063362	J2a1a2b2~	J-Y13128	J2a,J-M410,J-PF4610,J-L26,J-Z6064,J-Z6055,J-Z6057,J-Y7013,J-Y7010, J-Y13128
Croatia_Zadar	I26776	300	58,07%	44.1092, 15.23063362	R1b1a1b1a1a2c1a	R-DF13	R1b,R-M269,R-L23,R-L52,R-L151,R-P312,R-S461,R-L21,R-DF13
Serbia_Gomolava	I1116	931	93,70%	44.9, 19.75	I2a1a2b1a1a1a	I-Y5596	I2a,I-L460,I-P37,I-M423,I-Y3104,I-L621,I-CTS10936,I-S19848,I-CTS4002,I-CTS10228,I-Y3120,I-Y5596
Serbia_Kormadin	I27295	500	70,76%	44.75459143, 20.2620883	..	..	..
Serbia_Kormadin	I27296	523	70,38%	44.75459143, 20.2620883	R1a1a1b2a2	R-Z2124	R1a,R-M459,R-M198,R-M417,R-Z645,R-Z93,R-Z94,R-Z2124
Serbia_Kormadin	I27297	551	70,55%	44.75459143, 20.2620883	E1b1b1a1b1a6a1~	E-PH1173	E1b,E-M78,E-L618,E-V13,E-Z1057,E-CTS1273,E-BY3880,E-Z5017,E-Z5016,E-Y3762,E-CTS6377,E-CTS9320,E-Z17264,E-PH1173
Serbia_Kormadin	I27298	500	69,51%	44.75459143, 20.2620883	..	..	..
Serbia_Lepenski	I4664	226	1,79%	44.552924, 22.027563	E1b1b	E-M35	E1b,E-M35
Serbia_Lepenski	I5404	1465	32,56%	44.552924, 22.027563	J2b1	J-M205	J2b,J-M102,J-Z534,J-M205
Serbia_Mediana	I15549	352	38,02%	43.311, 21.946	I1a2a1a1a	I-Z141	I1a,I-Z58,I-Z59,I-CTS8647,Z60,Z140,Z141
Serbia_Mediana	I15550	400	1,33%	43.311, 21.946	..	..	..
Serbia_TimacumKuline	I15537	900	36,74%	43.645, 22.265	E1b1b1a1b1a6a~	E-Y3762	E1b,E-M78,E-L618,E-V13,E-Z1057,E-CTS1273,E-BY3880,E-Z5017,E-Z5016,E-Y3762
Serbia_TimacumKuline	I15538	939	4,57%	43.645, 22.265	R1b1a1b1a1a2f	R-DF99	R1b,R-M269,R-L23,R-L52,R-L151,R-P312,R-DF99
Serbia_TimacumKuline	I15539	900	26,69%	43.645, 22.265	R1b1a1b1a1a2f	R-DF99	R1b,R-M269,R-L23,R-L52,R-L151,R-P312,R-DF99
Serbia_TimacumKuline	I15540	924	52,83%	43.645, 22.265	..	..	..
Serbia_TimacumKuline	I15541	900	35,63%	43.645, 22.265	I2a1a2b1a1	I-Y3120	I2a,I-L460,I-P37,I-M423,I-Y3104,I-L621,I-CTS10936,I-S19848,I-CTS4002,I-CTS10228,I-Y3120
Serbia_TimacumKuline	I15542	970	46,90%	43.645, 22.265	I2a1a2b1a1	I-Y3120	I2a,I-L460,I-P37,I-M423,I-Y3104,I-L621,I-CTS10936,I-S19848,I-CTS4002,I-CTS10228,I-Y3120
Serbia_TimacumKuline	I15543	900	51,24%	43.645, 22.265	J2a1a2b2~	J-Y7010	J2a,J-M410,J-PF4610,J-L26,J-Z6064,J-Z6055,J-Z6057,J-Y7013,J-Y7010
Serbia_TimacumSlog	I15544	369	40,15%	43.645, 22.265	E1b1b1a1b1a	E-BY3880	E1b,E-M78,E-L618,E-V13,E-Z1057,E-CTS1273,E-BY3880
Serbia_TimacumSlog	I15545	478	55,96%	43.645, 22.265	I1a2a1a1a	I-Z141	I1a,I-Z58,I-Z59,I-CTS8647,Z60,Z140,Z141
Serbia_TimacumSlog	I15546	395	33,70%	43.645, 22.265	J2b2a1a1a~	J-Z597	J2b,J-M102,J-Z534,J-Z1825,J-Z593,J-M241,J-L283,J-Z622,J-Z600,J-Z585,J-Z615,J-Z597
Serbia_TimacumSlog	I15547	395	3,49%	43.645, 22.265	J2b2a1	J-L283	J2b,J-M102,J-Z534,J-Z1825,J-Z593,J-M241,J-L283
Serbia_TimacumSlog	I15548	395	43,44%	43.645, 22.265	J2b2a1a1a1a1a1a1~	J-Z1043	J2b,J-M102,J-Z534,J-Z1825,J-Z593,J-M241,J-L283,J-Z622,J-Z600,J-Z585,J-Z615,J-Z597,J-Z2507,J-Z638,J-Z1297,J-Z1295,J-Z8421,J-Z631,J-Z1043
Serbia_TimacumSlog	I15551	305	32,15%	43.645, 22.265	R1b1a1b1b	R-Z2105	R1b,R-M269,R-L23,R-Z2103,R-M12149
Serbia_TimacumSlog	I15552	395	27,85%	43.645, 22.265	R1b1a1b1b3a1a	R-CTS1450	R1b,R-M269,R-L23,R-Z2103,R-M12149,R-Z2106,R-Z2108,R-Z2110,R-CTS7556,R-Y5592,R-CTS1450
Serbia_TimacumSlog	I15553	365	35,18%	43.645, 22.265	E1b1b1a1b1a	E-CTS1273	E1b,E-M78,E-L618,E-V13,E-Z1057,E-CTS1273
Serbia_TimacumSlog	I15554	430	14,43%	43.645, 22.265	E1b1b1a1b1a	E-BY3880	E1b,E-M78,E-L618,E-V13,E-Z1057,E-CTS1273,E-BY3880
Serbia_TimacumSlog	I15555	430	28,91%	43.645, 22.265	G2a2b2a1a1c2	G-FGC12126	G2a,G-L1259,G-L30,G-P303,G-L140,G-PF3346,G-PF3345,G-CTS342,G-FGC12126
Serbia_TimacumSlog	I15556	395	..	43.645, 22.265	..	..	..
Serbia_ViminaciumGrobalja	I15503	150	2,17%	44.732, 21.234	..	..	..
Serbia_ViminaciumGrobalja	I15513	175	36,87%	44.732, 21.234	E1b1b1a1b1a	E-BY3880	E1b,E-M78,E-L618,E-V13,E-Z1057,E-CTS1273,E-BY3880
Serbia_ViminaciumGrobalja	I15518	262	22,45%	44.732, 21.234	E1b1b1a1b1a	E-CTS1273	E1b,E-M78,E-L618,E-V13,E-Z1057,E-CTS1273
Serbia_ViminaciumGrobalja	I15520	254	44,25%	44.732, 21.234	R1a1a1b2a2a1	R-Z2123	R1a,R-M459,R-M198,R-M417,R-Z645,R-Z93,R-Z94,R-Z2124,R-Z2125,R-Z2123
Serbia_ViminaciumGrobalja	I15521	194	18,21%	44.732, 21.234	G2a2b2a1a1c	G-CTS342	G2a,G-L1259,G-L30,G-P303,G-L140,G-PF3346,G-PF3345,G-CTS342
Serbia_ViminaciumGrobalja	I15522	250	31,72%	44.732, 21.234	..	..	..
Serbia_ViminaciumGrobalja	I15523	250	1,76%	44.732, 21.234	..	..	..
Serbia_ViminaciumGrobalja	I15524	250	15,20%	44.732, 21.234	I2a2b	I-Y16419	I2a,I-L596,I-Y16649,I-Y16419
Serbia_ViminaciumGrobalja	I15525	200	34,18%	44.732, 21.234	E1b1b1a1b1a	E-CTS1273	E1b,E-M78,E-L618,E-V13,E-Z1057,E-CTS1273
Serbia_ViminaciumGrobalja	I15526	270	22,90%	44.732, 21.234	E1b1b1b2a1a4	E-L791	E1b,E-Z830,E-PF1962,E-M123,E-M34,E-Z841,E-Z849,E-CTS1727,E-L791
Serbia_ViminaciumGrobalja	I32305	100	80,50%	44.732, 21.234	..	..	..
Serbia_ViminaciumPecine	I15527	135	55,13%	44.732, 21.234	R1b1a1b1a1a1	R-U106	R1b,R-M269,R-L23,R-L52,R-L151,R-U106
Serbia_ViminaciumPecine	I15528	155	23,94%	44.732, 21.234	..	..	..
Serbia_ViminaciumPecine	I15529	150	33,46%	44.732, 21.234	J1a2b2b~	J-BY94	J1a,J-Z2215,J-Z2217,J-CTS1026,J-Z1828,J-Z18463,J-Z18471,J-BY94
Serbia_ViminaciumPecine	I15530	150	0,69%	44.732, 21.234	..	..	..
Serbia_ViminaciumPecine	I15531	355	25,15%	44.732, 21.234	I1(xI1a3)	I1	I1
Serbia_ViminaciumPecine	I15532	350	12,58%	44.732, 21.234	T1a2	T-L131	T1a,T-L206,T-M70,T-L131
Serbia_ViminaciumPecine	I15533	306	17,22%	44.732, 21.234	R1a1a1b2a2b	R-Z2122	R1a,R-M459,R-M198,R-M417,R-Z645,R-Z93,R-Z94,R-Z2124,R-Z2122
Serbia_ViminaciumPecine	I15534	296	6,88%	44.732, 21.234	..	..	..
Serbia_ViminaciumPecine	I15535	340	11,47%	44.732, 21.234	..	..	..
Serbia_ViminaciumPecine	I15536	200	0,90%	44.732, 21.234	..	..	..
Serbia_ViminaciumPecine	I32303	1250	..	44.732, 21.234	..	..	..
Serbia_ViminaciumPecine	I32304	200	1,26%	44.732, 21.234	..	..	..
Serbia_ViminaciumPirivoj	I15486	250	31,90%	44.732, 21.234	..	..	..
Serbia_ViminaciumPirivoj	I15490	250	22,90%	44.732, 21.234	E1b1b1a1b1a	E-CTS1273	E1b,E-M78,E-L618,E-V13,E-Z1057,E-CTS1273
Serbia_ViminaciumPirivoj	I15491	250	3,72%	44.732, 21.234	..	..	..
Serbia_ViminaciumPirivoj	I15492	302	48,75%	44.732, 21.234	R1b1a1b1a1a2b1a1	R-L20	R1b,R-M269,R-L23,R-L52,R-L151,R-P312,R-U152,R-L2,R-Z258,R-Z367,R-L20
Serbia_ViminaciumPirivoj	I15493	325	0,78%	44.732, 21.234	..	..	..
Serbia_ViminaciumPirivoj	I15494	325	14,38%	44.732, 21.234	..	..	..
Serbia_ViminaciumPirivoj	I15495	150	31,90%	44.732, 21.234	E1b1b1a1b1a6a1~	E-CTS9320	E1b,E-M78,E-L618,E-V13,E-Z1057,E-CTS1273,E-BY3880,E-Z5017,E-Z5016,E-Y3762,E-CTS6377,E-CTS9320
Serbia_ViminaciumPirivoj	I15498	100	1,23%	44.732, 21.234	..	R1a	..
Serbia_ViminaciumPirivoj	I15499	155	3,48%	44.732, 21.234	E1b1b1a1a1b	E-V32	E1b,E-M78,E-Z1902,E-V12,E-Y2863,E-FGC14377,E-FGC14378,E-V32
Serbia_ViminaciumPirivoj	I15501	200	0,98%	44.732, 21.234	..	..	..
Serbia_ViminaciumPirivoj	I15502	270	12,67%	44.732, 21.234	E1b1b1b2a1	E-M123	E1b,E-Z830,E-PF1962,E-M123
Serbia_ViminaciumPirivoj	I15509	250	5,42%	44.732, 21.234	..	..	..
Serbia_ViminaciumPirivoj	I15510	250	46,42%	44.732, 21.234	G2a2a1(xG2a2a1a2)	G-PF3148	G2a,G-L1259,G-PF3147,G-PF3148
Serbia_ViminaciumPirivoj	I15511	250	1,79%	44.732, 21.234	..	..	..
Serbia_ViminaciumPirivoj	I15512	250	0,74%	44.732, 21.234	E1b1b1a1b1	E-L618	E1b,E-M78,E-L618
Serbia_ViminaciumPirivoj	I15514	250	14,27%	44.732, 21.234	..	..	..
Serbia_ViminaciumPirivoj	I15515	150	5,91%	44.732, 21.234	R1b1a1b1b	R-Z2103	R1b,R-M269,R-L23,R-Z2103
Serbia_ViminaciumPirivoj	I15516	181	17,30%	44.732, 21.234	G2a2b2a	G-P303	G2a,G-L1259,G-L30,G-P303
Serbia_ViminaciumPirivoj	I15517	173	11,84%	44.732, 21.234	J2a1a1b2a1b1	J-L70	J2a,J-M410,J-PF4610,J-L26,J-PF5087,J-PF5160,J-L24,J-Y22662,J-L25,J-Z438,J-Z387,J-L70
Serbia_ViminaciumRit	I15485	200	0,63%	44.732, 21.234	..	..	..
Serbia_ViminaciumRit	I15487	250	4,03%	44.732, 21.234	..	..	..
Serbia_ViminaciumRit	I15488	250	47,63%	44.732, 21.234	..	..	..
Serbia_ViminaciumRit	I15489	250	33,33%	44.732, 21.234	G2a2a1a2a2a1	G-Y140827	G2a,G-L1259,G-PF3147,G-PF3148,G-PF3177,L91,G-Z6484,G-Z6284,G-Z6128,G-Y140837,G-Y140827
Serbia_ViminaciumRit	I15496	250	3,31%	44.732, 21.234	..	..	..
Serbia_ViminaciumRit	I15497	200	0,40%	44.732, 21.234	..	..	..
Serbia_ViminaciumRit	I15500	210	7,49%	44.732, 21.234	..	..	..
Serbia_ViminaciumRit	I15504	250	53,98%	44.732, 21.234	E1b1b1a1b1a	E-BY3880	E1b,E-M78,E-L618,E-V13,E-Z1057,E-CTS1273,E-BY3880
Serbia_ViminaciumRit	I15505	200	0,30%	44.732, 21.234	..	..	..
Serbia_ViminaciumRit	I15506	200	..	44.732, 21.234	..	..	..
Serbia_ViminaciumRit	I15507	250	28,50%	44.732, 21.234	E1b1b1a1b1a	E-BY3880	E1b,E-M78,E-L618,E-V13,E-Z1057,E-CTS1273,E-BY3880
Serbia_ViminaciumRit	I15508	250	45,05%	44.732, 21.234	..	..	..
Serbia_ViminaciumRit	I15519	200	0,36%	44.732, 21.234	..	..	..
Serbia_ViminaciumRudine	I32301	1200	7,63%	44.732, 21.234	..	..	..
Serbia_ViminaciumRudine	I32302	1200	..	44.732, 21.234	..	..	..
Serbia_ViminaciumSvetinja	I32297	1200	..	44.732, 21.234	..	..	..
Serbia_ViminaciumSvetinja	I32298	1200	7,93%	44.732, 21.234	..	..	..
Serbia_ViminaciumSvetinja	I32299	1200	41,87%	44.732, 21.234	I2a1a2b1a1	I-CTS10228	I2a,I-L460,I-P37,I-M423,I-Y3104,I-L621,I-CTS10936,I-S19848,I-CTS4002,I-CTS10228
Serbia_ViminaciumSvetinja	I32300	1200	42,77%	44.732, 21.234	..	..	..
Slovakia_Blatne_EarlyMedieval	I12991	817	63,63%	48.272612, 17.412782	..	n/a (female)	..
Slovakia_Bratislava_EarlyMedieval	I4803	820	67,13%	48.217423, 16.97269	R1a1a1b1a3a	R-S6285	R1a,R-M459,R-M198,R-M417,R-Z645,R-Z283,R-Z282,R-Y2395,R-Z284,R-S4458,R-S6285
Slovakia_Nitra_EarlyMedieval	I13458	843	70,89%	48.412856, 18.074594	..	n/a (female)	..

**ioas12** · 12-07-2023, 07:42 PM

Deleted

**Leto** · 12-07-2023, 07:52 PM

Hopefully some of the samples are from unmixed medieval Slavs.

**ioas12** · 12-07-2023, 07:54 PM

Originally Posted by Leto

Hopefully some of the samples are from unmixed medieval Slavs.

Their is one that is 97 percent slavic. His ydna is I26748

**~~Scarface F~~** · 12-07-2023, 07:58 PM

Nice paper.

**Creoda** · 12-07-2023, 08:03 PM

So mainland Greeks are 30-40% Slavic?

**Dušan** · 12-07-2023, 08:10 PM

Originally Posted by Ajeje Brazorf

"However, we trace a large-scale influx of people of Anatolian ancestry during the Imperial period...

Following the end of Roman control, we detect the large-scale arrival of individuals who were genetically similar to modern Eastern European Slavic-speaking populations..."

.

**~~Scarface F~~** · 12-07-2023, 08:12 PM

Originally Posted by Creoda

So mainland Greeks are 30-40% Slavic?

Depends what samples were used as Slavic. I suspect something resembling modern Poles, Slovaks and Ukrainians which wouldn't be pure Slavic actually but maybe Slavs who came to Balkans looked like that.

If I use only very NE Euro Slavic samples, most mainland Greeks and Albanians would be between 20-30% if I am not mistaken. Some northernmost Greeks more than that, those that belong to recently hellenized Bulgarian communities.