State of Bahia: Brazil

[Jingle Bell]

A thread just to share some knowledge about the state with others members, sugestions/help are welcome.

History:
Bahia was the first place in Brazil to be colonized, the inicial imigration was mostly made of Degenerados/Degradados, which were Portugueses with Jewish/Muslim origin, criminals, Roma or just any type of "crime", including even the most ridiculous like "fofoca", after the start of Sugar Cane plantations the state started getting rich and by the side of Pernambuco were the principal regions of Brazil, with that the Slavery stared growing, the main focus of the slaves were from the Western Coast of Africa, today Nigeria, Togo, Benin etc, thats slaves varied from tradicional religious to islamism, so the "Baiano" culture started in Salvador, at that time the main capital of Brazil and richest city, a culture made a of a fusion of Nothern Portuguese and "Sudanese" African was born in Salvador city, later was spread in all coast and after the end of Iberian Union and the interiorization of Brazil also in the Sertão.

Bahia culture show actually few Indigenous elements and is a more "Mulatto" based, after the end of Sugar Cane cycle and the discovery of Gold in Minas Gerais, 2 groups of explorators (bandeirantes) claimed the right of the gold mines, the "Vicentistas"/Paulistas-Paranaenses/Caipiras" lidered by Borba Gato and the "Emboabas"/Baianos Pernambucanos/Minhotos lidered by Nunes Viana, in the end of the conflict both groups ended colonazing the land, starting the cycle of Gold, which lead to a imigration of many baianos into Minas Gerais, actually the figure of the "mineiro" and identity of Minas is actually a mixture of the Baianos and the Caipiras, plus the Northern Portugueses that imigrated into the land, also today both Mineiro & Baiano dialects are related and North of Minas still have a very similar culture to Central/South Bahia.

Bahia received also some more Portugueses (Mainly from Minho) and some few Paulistas that started colonazing with the previous populations the less populated areas like the Vale of São Fransciso, Chapada Diamantina, West of Pernambuco, South of Piauí and Maranhão and etc. . Bahia just received few imigrants during the Century XX and were mainly Galicians with few Italians and Germans, the identity of the core of Bahian culture its very preserved in the most traditional areas of Salvador, Cachoeira, Santo Amaro and etc. . . Today the Baiano dialect/culture basucally goes from the start of Sao Francisco to Southern Sergipe.

[Laredo]

So that's the most SSA state? You are from there right?

[Jingle Bell]

Genetics:

Bahia is one of the most if not the most Colonial states in Brazil, was one if the first of the begin of colonization and also received few external influences after the sec XIX, also was the state with the biggest influence of slavery, mainly from the Western Africans, today most part of Recôncavo is Mulatto, while the Interior tends to be more Euro pred. Triracials, which are descendants of the litoral sertanistas with the natives of the region, most studies outs Bahia under the 40% - 60% European range, with that begin mostly of Portuguese (Minho), Galician and Converso origin.

https://www.genera.com.br/blog/ancestralidade-da-bahia/

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3040205/

https://www.nature.com/articles/ejhg2014215

Bahia is more similar to Minas Gerais (Especially North) than to most states of NorthEast due the low Indigenous and bigger African.

https://bmcecolevol.biomedcentral.co...862-020-1579-9

R1b and E-M2 are one of the most comuns YDna in Bahia, L is the most comum MtDNA

[Jingle Bell]

So that's the most SSA state? You are from there right?

Yes, around Salvador areas, Northern/NE Minas Gerais and around Rio de Janeiro city are the most SSA heavy places in Brazil, but none are mostly SSA genetically, the maximum is about 40% in average

[Southern Farmer]

How sharp it's the contrast between let's say the western part at the other side of the São Francisco in comparison with the coastline?

[Jingle Bell]

How sharp it's the contrast between let's say the western part at the other side of the São Francisco in comparison with the coastline?

Its almost follow the natural division, the centre of Litoral Bahian (The one more similar to Minas Gerais & Espirito Santo) culture are cities like Salvador/Cachoeira/Santo Amaro/Camaçari, the more u get into the West/Caatinga less Bahian culture is present and more Nordestino/Sertanjo is present (The more similar to Northeast & Goias), Feira de Santana (The 2nd bigger city) is know as the Portal of Sertao, bcs is were the Mata Atlantica ends and the Caatinga/Agreste start, also is the division btw Litoral Bahia and Sertaneja Bahia, would look more or less like that:

https://www.reddit.com/r/MapPorn/s/91f4pgQVAq

As u can see after Feira de Santana starts the "Sertanejo Culture" which is basically a half way btw Minas and NorthEast, after theres the San Francisco which is basically the same but with stronger indigenous elements, the South reminds me a lot of the more SSA influenced parts of Espírito Santo, but the constrasts arent rly sharp they are pretty gradual (With reconcavo/sertanejo begin prob the sharpest). I do not agree 100% with the map but its good.

If u have interest in search i would say cities that best represent each culture:

Soteropolitan - Salvador
Recôncavo - Santo Antônio de Jesus & Cachoeira
Sertanejo Baiano - Lençois/Mucugê
São Francisco/Sertanejo NE - Juazeiro
South/Bahia-Capixaba - Ilhéus
Geraizeiro/Bahia-Minas - Vitória da Conquista

The city the best represent all Bahia: Feira de Santana

[Southern Farmer]

Its almost follow the natural division, the centre of Litoral Bahian (The one more similar to Minas Gerais & Espirito Santo) culture are cities like Salvador/Cachoeira/Santo Amaro/Camaçari, the more u get into the West/Caatinga less Bahian culture is present and more Nordestino/Sertanjo is present (The more similar to Northeast & Goias), Feira de Santana (The 2nd bigger city) is know as the Portal of Sertao, bcs is were the Mata Atlantica ends and the Caatinga/Agreste start, also is the division btw Litoral Bahia and Sertaneja Bahia, would look more or less like that:

https://www.reddit.com/r/MapPorn/s/91f4pgQVAq

As u can see after Feira de Santana starts the "Sertanejo Culture" which is basically a half way btw Minas and NorthEast, after theres the San Francisco which is basically the same but with stronger indigenous elements, the South reminds me a lot of the more SSA influenced parts of Espírito Santo, but the constrasts arent rly sharp they are pretty gradual (With reconcavo/sertanejo begin prob the sharpest). I do not agree 100% with the map but its good.

If u have interest in search i would say cities that best represent each culture:

Soteropolitan - Salvador
Recôncavo - Santo Antônio de Jesus & Cachoeira
Sertanejo Baiano - Lençois/Mucugê
São Francisco/Sertanejo NE - Juazeiro
South/Bahia-Capixaba - Ilhéus
Geraizeiro/Bahia-Minas - Vitória da Conquista

The city the best represent all Bahia: Feira de Santana

Interesting, given that Bahia is by far the biggest and most popularted in the brazilian northeast (as it's nowadays defined even though was tradionally labeled as just eastern), would you say it's its own cultural region in relation to the rest of the northeast. In comparison for example to Ceará, Pernambuco or Maranhão.

[Jingle Bell]

Interesting, given that Bahia is by far the biggest and most popularted in the brazilian northeast (as it's nowadays defined even though was tradionally labeled as just eastern), would you say it's its own cultural region in relation to the rest of the northeast. In comparison for example to Ceará, Pernambuco or Maranhão.

I think Bahia itself has their own culture/identity, i mean ppl from the North/NE of state would prob feel closer to others parts of Northeast, while the rest of us would prob feel more isolated culturally from the rest of the country or if feel conected to other state would prob be Minas or ES

[Etelfrido]

Interesting, given that Bahia is by far the biggest and most popularted in the brazilian northeast (as it's nowadays defined even though was tradionally labeled as just eastern), would you say it's its own cultural region in relation to the rest of the northeast. In comparison for example to Ceará, Pernambuco or Maranhão.

There are those who say Maranhão is somewhat distinct from other Northeastern states too. They were part of the State of Grão-Pará and Maranhão when the remaining of the country constituted the State of Brazil, they've got their own biome Mata dos Cocais and I've been told by people from there that they listen to reggae radio stations from Jamaica.

[Jingle Bell]

There are those who say Maranhão is somewhat distinct from other Northeastern states too. They were part of the State of Grão-Pará and Maranhão when the remaining of the country constituted the State of Brazil, they've got their own biome Mata dos Cocais and I've been told by people from there that they listen to reggae radio stations from Jamaica.

Like Minas Gerais its the intermediarie btw the Bandeirante/Vicentista area and the Emboaba/Bahia-Pernambuco, i think Maranhão would be a transitional area btw Amazonic and Ocidental NE, they are a bit off from the tradicional "Vaqueiro" culture and resembles more statas like Pará or Tocantins imo.