Mutation T16304C as a mutation, characteristic of ancient Homo Sapiens legacy

[Oasis]

Since the mtDNA R9’F was mentioned in another topic, it should be added that one of its mutations, such as T16304C, is not necessarily of the Denisovan origin. T16304C is also a mutation, which is quite widely distributed in Asians and Western Eurasians.

In association with this mutation T16304C, "Human population history at the crossroads of East and Southeast Asia since 11,000 years ago" pointed to the existence of the anatomically modern human population, whose existence was relatively dated to 71700 years ago, which, surprisingly, coincides with the origin of mtDNA R21 in “Complete mitochondrial DNA genome variation in Peninsular Malaysia”, and Malaysian mtDNA R21 is characterized by the oldest presence of T16304C out of all mtDNA R branches. Otherwise, mtDNA R21 is characterized by absence of any mutations, associated with archaic humans, in its lengthy main sequence, and it is known that mtDNA R21 shares a mutation with mtDNA R9, the northern neighbor from Southern China for mtDNA R21.

Either "Human population history at the crossroads of East and Southeast Asia since 11,000 years ago", or “Bronze and Iron Age population movements underlie Xinjiang population history” did not report any other mtDNA lineages in association with the mentioned 71700-year-old anatomically modern human population, which would have mutations, shared with lineages older than mtDNA L1, whose separation was approximately dated to ca.140000 ago in “A Revised Timescale for Human Evolution Based on Ancient Mitochondrial Genomes”, which is older than the Denisovan remain from the Baishiya Cave, which is the oldest Denisovan remain from China, from which ancient DNA is available. Interestingly, "Human population history at the crossroads of East and Southeast Asia since 11,000 years ago" reported the remain of the ancient Quzai Homo Sapiens individual from the Guangxi Province of Southern China, who was directly radiocarbon-dated to 130000 years ago, which is comparable with the age of ca.140000 years ago for an mtDNA L1-related population. Since mtDNA L1 individuals were not reported from Southern China, the T16304C mutation might have initially been characteristic of the Homo Sapiens population of the age, comparable to the age of mtDNA L1-related population.

Interestingly, T16304C mutation was also reported from mtDNA L3d3a1 from deep Africa.

[Oasis]

Decoding triancestral origins, archaic introgression, and natural selection in the Japanese population by whole-genome sequencing

Unlike the information in the previous post above, in "Human population history at the crossroads of East and Southeast Asia since 11,000 years ago", the highest Denisovan was obtained for the ancient undated (presumably 500 year-old) individual of Yinwang, belonging to mtDNA M7b1a1a. However, his 1500-year-old neighbor from Balong (mtDNA M7b1a1a) and 500-year-old neighbor from HuatuyanNL02 (mtDNA D4e1a3) did not produce high Denisovan. Cases of mtDNA M7b1a1a, selected in “Ancient Mitogenomes Reveal the Origins and Genetic Structure of the Neolithic Shimao Population in Northern China” (for example, Austroasiatic-related KX457181 https://www.yfull.com/mtree/M7b1a1a2/), do not seem to share observable mutations with known Denisovans:

KX457181.1 A73G, C150T, T199C, A263G, C309CCT, T310C, T489C, A750G, A1438G, T1694C, A2706G, G3010A, G4048A, C4071T, A4164G, A4769G, A5351G, G5460A, C6455T, T6680C, C7028T, T7684C, G7853A, A8701G, A8860G, T9540C, T9824C, A10398G, C10400T, T10873C, G11150A, G11719A, C12405T, C12705T, T12811C, A13105G, A13966G, C14766T, T14783C, G15043A, G15301A, A15326G, G16129A, T16189C, C16223T, T16297C

One case of mtDNA M7b1a1a somehow reached Europe: