Haplogroup R1a as the Proto Indo-Europeans and the Legendary Aryans as Witnessed by the DNA of Their

[Kanuni]

This article aims at reconstructing history of R1a1 ancient migrations between 20,000 and 3500 years be-fore present (ybp). Four thousand four hundred sixty (4460) haplotypes of haplogroup R1a1 were con- sidered in terms of base (ancestral) haplotypes of R1a1 populations and timespans to their common an- cestors in the regions from South Siberia and northern/northwestern China in the east to the Hindustan and further west across Iranian Plateau, Anatolia, Asia Minor and to the Balkans in Europe, including on this way Central Asia, South India, Nepal, Oman, the Middle East, Comoros Islands, Egypt, etc. This study provides a support to the theory that haplogroup R1a arose in Central Asia, apparently in South Si- beria and/or neighboring regions, around 20,000 ybp. Not later than 12,000 ybp bearers of R1a1 already were in the Hindustan, then went across Anatolia and the rest of Asia Minor apparently between 10,000 and 9000 ybp, and around 9000 - 8000 ybp they arrived to the Balkans and spread over Europe east to the British Isles. On this migration way or before it bearers of R1a1 (or the parent, upstream haplogroups) have developed Proto Indo-European language, and carried it along during their journey to Europe. The earliest signs of the language on passing of bearers of R1a1 through Anatolia were picked by the linguists, and dated by 9400 - 9600 - 10,100 ybp, which fairly coincides with the data of DNA genealogy, described in this work. At the same time as bearers of the brother haplogroup R1b1a2 began to populate Europe af-ter 4800 ybp, haplogroup R1a1 moved to the Russian Plain around 4800 - 4600 ybp. From there R1a1 migrated (or moved as military expeditions) to the south (Anatolia, Mitanni and the Arabian Peninsula), east (South Ural and then North India), and south-east (the Iranian Plateau) as the historic legendary Ary-ans. Haplotypes of their direct descendants are strikingly similar up to 67 markers with contemporary eth-nic Russians of haplogroup R1a1. Dates of those Aryan movements from the Russian Plain in said direc-tions are also strikingly similar, between 4200 and 3600 ybp.

There are 48 and 44 mutations between the above and the In-dian R1a1 haplotypes shown earlier. This formally places their common ancestor at more than 10,000 years before present and, in fact, much earlier, at least 15,000 years ago. R1b1a2 bearers were not among the Aryans coming to India, and it is very likely that they were not Indo-Europeans then. Specifically, there is no supporting evidence that 4000 years before present (ybp) bearers of R1b1a2 spoke Indo-European (IE) languages. On the other hand, Central Europe was likely populated by R1b1a2 speakers of non-IE languages. Moreover, there are very few bearers of R1b haplogroup in India, mostly on its Arabian Sea coast, and there were none of the R1b haplogroup among the 367 tested Indian Brahmins (Sharma et al., 2009). Therefore, it is highly unlikely that bearers of the R1b1 (as well as R1b1a2)haplogroup were among the Aryans, and, hence, they were not among those carrying the Indo-European languages elsewhere in those times.

How would you explain this article?It seems that R1b1a2 was a non Indo-European haplogroup and the spread of Indo-European language was solely from a single male lineage that of R1a.

[Padre Organtino]

Well, seems pretty logical. R1a to ancient PIE that have spread into Europe and have imposed their language on three following groups:

1.Ancient Meds.
2.Northern boreal hunter-gatherers
3.Western tribes like proto-Celts probably

Additionally these guys have expanded south-eastwards into Central and South Asia and even Middle East.

[Kanuni]

Well, seems pretty logical. R1a to ancient PIE that have spread into Europe and have imposed their language on three following groups:

1.Ancient Meds.
2.Northern boreal hunter-gatherers
3.Western tribes like proto-Celts probably

Additionally these guys have expanded south-eastwards into Central and South Asia and even Middle East.

So you mean the R1b folks spoke a language somewhat related to Basque before Indo-Europeanization,do you agree that the Mediterranean component is linked with the spread of this haplogroup?

[Padre Organtino]

So you mean the R1b folks spoke a Basque like language before Indo-Europeanization,do you agree that the Mediterranean component is linked with the spread of this haplogroup?

Not quite. I would rather say Med migrations are linked either to G or J. R1b seems to correspond to North-Western Euros. Iberians have it in large numbers simply due to the fact of being mix of ancient Meds and North-West Euros (celt-iberian).
Whether Basque was like all of the pre-IE languages of the Western Europe is hard to tell now. There seem to be links to its neighbouring now extinct ancient languages but I have not seen anything on other parts of Western Europe.
BTW linguists long since had evidence in favour of IE lnaguage imposal in Western Europe: just check out centum/satem IE language division.

[Kanuni]

Not quite. I would rather say Med migrations are linked either to G or J. R1b seems to correspond to North-Western Euros. Iberians have it in large numbers simply due to the fact of being mix of ancient Meds and North-West Euros (celt-iberian).
Whether Basque was like all of the pre-IE languages of the Western Europe is hard to tell now. There seem to be links to its neighbouring now extinct ancient languages but I have not seen anything on other parts of Western Europe.
BTW linguists long since had evidence in favour of IE lnaguage imposal in Western Europe: just check out centum/satem IE language division.

But where those haplogroups peak more they have fewer Med component than South Europeans like Sardinians who have more I2a1 and R1b.

Also it is interesting that where R1b is high some percentage of Gedrosian component is found.

[Padre Organtino]

But where those haplogroups peak more they have fewer Med component than South Europeans like Sardinians who have more I2a1 and R1b.

Also it is interesting that where R1b is high some percentage of Gedrosian component is found.

Sardinians do have quite a lot of I2 and R1b and coincidentally apart from Med their autosomal DNA also has North-Western Euro input (rather substantial).

[Sarmatian]

So what article says is that haplogroup R1b came from different place? Or do I miss something?

[Prince Carlo]

R1b carriers originated in West Asia/Levant. Some of those guys went to Western Europe (where now the western euro admixture peaks because of the founder effect). Others went East where they got replaced and absorbed by more war-like people (R1a1 indo-europeans and C3-Q turks-mongols). That's why many west-asian and central-asian peoples have some western european admixture.

Sardinians do have quite a lot of I2 and R1b and coincidentally apart from Med their autosomal DNA also has North-Western Euro input (rather substantial).

Let's say Western Euro input. Sardinians have almost 0% of northern Euro admixture.