0
Serbian colonization in Macedonia has been a purposeful policy of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes, since 1929. The Kingdom of Yugoslavia, to change the ethnic composition of the population in occupied Macedonia in 1913 by reducing the relative weight of the Bulgarian element. This settlement, Edmond Bouches-de-Bell writes in 1922, "coupled with the expulsion of irreparable Bulgarian elements, should have led to a rapid subdivision of the area." Even after the Inter-Allied War in 1913, the Serbian government was preparing a system of measures to denationalize Bulgarians and Vlachs in the newly conquered Vardar Macedonia. In order to gain the Muslim element, the Albanians and Turks, in turn, have the properties and privileges of the Hajj and the elders preserved. On February 20, 1914, the Serbian government adopted an ordinance to settle in the new areas of the kingdom. The ordinance provides for the free transportation of families, home furnishings, free provision of material for the construction of houses and exemption from all state, county, cuts and municipal taxes for the first 3 years and more. The implementation of these measures was hindered by the First World War (1914 - 1918), but after the war they were again on the agenda. The farmsteads in Vardar Macedonia have been cut four times, but the sale of the farmsteads has benefited Serbian ruling circles, city moneylenders and wealthier peasants. Prime Minister Nikola Pasic acquires properties in Kosovo and Macedonia, and Milan Stojadinovic speculates on land in Macedonia. The Agrarian Reform Preparation Act of 1920 and the Colonization Act of 1922 openly linked agrarian reform to colonization, trying to stop the land being given to the peasants and retained for colonists. On December 5, 1931, a special Law on Agrarian Relations was issued in Southern Serbia and Montenegro, amended on June 24, 1933. According to statistics, by the end of 1925, 71 045 hectares of land had been distributed, of which 11 300 to the locals and the rest (4/5) to the colonists. The land became the property of the locals only after 10 years, while for the colonists the state paid the rent to the former owners. According to statistics from 1928, a total of 225 327 hectares of land has been designated for colonization in southern Serbia (Kosovo and Macedonia), but in fact only 111 602 (including 3000 of Pasic in Murat Tulbeta) have been allocated and the rest is abused by local authorities. The land was distributed in 173 colonies and 419 smaller settlements.
By 1929, 6377 colonial families were settled in Vardar Macedonia. The geographical distribution of the colonies and settlements is aimed at forming a Serbian ethnic strip between Bulgaria and Vardar Macedonia. Thus, in Skopje, there are 10 colonies and 12 settlements, in Gevgelijski - 6 colonies and 5 settlements, in Prilepsky - 10 colonies and 5 settlements, in Ovchepolski - 4 colonies and 3 settlements, and in Kavadarski, Kochanski, Bitolski and Ohrid sections there are only one or two colonies and several settlements. The colonies were created mainly until 1925, and then the authorities focused on strengthening them. Colonization in Vardar Macedonia has had the least success compared to other areas of the country - Kosovo, Vojvodina, due to fierce resistance from the local population and the Internal Revolutionary Macedonian Organization
The decision temporarily prohibiting the return of colonists of 6 March 1945.
Map of the Serbian colonization in Macedonia
Bookmarks