What is your favorite genetic admixture calculator?

[Nordarya]

Valid points, Africa is genetically diverse even if they all look black to us.
Well, even though I used non-serious language (distant Jigaboo), I didn't mean to troll. White Americans with deep roots in North America often do have traces of African and/or Native American down their line.

The trick is in finding out the whys and wheretofores...

[Leto]

The trick is in finding out the whys and wheretofores...

1% black is too small an amount to trace, I believe. Just estimate how many generations back that might have happened (admixture event).

[Nordarya]

1% black is too small an amount to trace, I believe. Just estimate how many generations back that might have happened (admixture event).

When different apps categorise it as this or that type of African, it becomes a fruitless effort. I've read there are clades of E1a in Mediterranean Europe and even a Yorkshire family of A haplogroup going back forever. I'm guessing it may be one of those freak things. After all, not all of us go along with mass migrations and individuals of exotic origin can be found anywhere, even if atypical, like Marco Polo. It's just something too obscure to rationalise in an intelligible fashion.

[Nordarya]

In any case, most of the apps are just fine for their least distant populations. Usually, whatever's nearest, I can find in my family tree and so, am just fine with Eurogenes saying English, Dodecad saying Mixed Germanic, HarappaWorld saying Utahn White and puntDNAL saying German. Different versions of MDLP say all of them, so they're consistent when combined, while EthioHelix and Gedrosia show racial admix and deep ancestry, so that's just what I go with. I don't think it has to be any more complicated than that in order to understand one's ethnic and racial group, so if Gedmatch confirms I'm White Anglo-Saxon Protestant, great. Your DNA Portal does all this on a simplified level, but MyTrueAncestry actually seems able to draw lines between deep ancestry and modern populations, by quoting actual samples and not calculator models, so it's unsurprising that they find no hits for me in Asia, America or Africa.

Consequently, I have filled out my profile with MyTrueAncestry data, when it matches my family tree and that joins British (Celtic), Dutch (Völkerwanderung) and Danish (Viking) for modern populations, but I noticed that the ancient populations could all be contained in the Angevin Empire: Saxon England, Frank Anjou, Viking Danish Normandy, Celt Ireland and Visigoth Aquitaine, all under the same three yellow leopards on red royal banner of Plantagenet England. If I'm going to get English, German, Dutch and Danish at Gedmatch and Your DNA Portal, there's very good reason. I'm just typical for West Germanic autosomal admixture, even with Celtic mtDNA and yet, atypical paternal R1a being what keeps me from perfect alignment, something that may match me with Prussians and Orcadians for also being R1a West Germanics.

[Nordarya]

1% black is too small an amount to trace, I believe. Just estimate how many generations back that might have happened (admixture event).

One thing has occurred to me. Since each app puts different groups under the African header, but the type of African changes per app, from nonexistent in one category to 1% in another, here and there, whereas the subgroups do not have any clear majority, but are much lower than 1% (around the 0.19% total African that Gedrosia quotes), my guess is that they represent different potential noise percentages clumped together in such a way that they appear to be one whole. I take this to be from Mediterranean ancestry sourced to a Balkan lineage, seeing how Living DNA calls it Aegean DNA at as much as 7.6% and not merely the piddly 1% supposedly SSA. Considering that Gedrosia pops Albanian, I'd have to say this correlation has bearing. The question is how? My guess is that refugees from the Ottomans went to France or Spain sometime after 1453 and the Ottoman-Habsburg Wars, perhaps associated with "Frankokratia". There's no telling who they brought back with them when the Venetians and Genovese quit the Orient and then their navigators made their way to America. In fact, I saw some last names that were supposed to be French, but looked Romanian to me, so this seems an entertainable theory, seeing as how I don't have any real earlier records at hand for most of them before the late 16th century and they could have just moved to France a generation before, for instance. The thing is, if the Albanians can maintain an African signature that long apart from Africa, there's no reason why this wouldn't happen for individuals from their population living elsewhere in Europe, or anyplace else in our own time likewise.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frankokratia

Then again, this seems to fit me just as well, via my Visigoth ancestry:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Africa...ture_in_Europe

A panel of 52 SNPs was genotyped in 435 Italian individuals according to Sánchez et al.^[56] in order to estimate the proportion of ancestry from a three-way differentiation: Sub-Saharan Africa, Europe, and Asia. The study indicated an autosomal basal proportion of Sub-Saharan ancestry that is higher (9.2%, on average) than other central or northern European populations (1.5%, on average). The amount of African ancestry in Italians is however more comparable to (but slightly higher than) the average in other Mediterranean countries (7.1%).<sup>[28]

Another study by the same author in 2011[58] that analyzed genome-wide polymorphism data from about 40 West Eurasian groups showed that "almost all Southern Europeans have inherited 1%–3% African ancestry with an average mixture date of around 55 generations ago, consistent with North African gene flow at the end of the Roman Empire and subsequent Arab invasion".</sup>

So, if I had admix 55 generations ago, that explains all the hits throughout the Mediterranean, with double digits mostly on European shores and not specific to any region, although most of the highest are Iberian. I'm settling for the 0.00 distance with French single population on Eurasia K3 and 100% for Egyptian primary and 0% secondary population "admixes" on EthioHelix African only. Therefore, the connections are likely between Alexandria on the Nile in Egypt and Marseilles on the Rhone in France as two ends of this spectrum, both of which were Greek ports, also adding a reason why there are so many Mediterranean hits in between. I suppose compared to Europe, I am Egyptian and to Africa, I am French, however, this would be 1% Egyptian and 99% French, while I have quoted above about the same proportions between Tunisian (Carthage) and English, so somewhere in between London and Marseilles (i.e. Visigoth Aquitaine @ Toulouse) would shift to Libya, i.e. Cyrenaica. Since Egypt is the focal point of North African population and civilisation, but obviously related to Palestinian DNA on EthioHelix, I'd say sure, I very may well have Ancient Egyptian and likely Phoenician ancestry. Not exactly unheard of.

I just checked Geni.com and I'm at least his 55th or 54th great-grandson of Constantine (depending whether my dad or mum), so if the quoted study is correct, 55 generations prior would be roughly when Rome moved to Byzantium, so possibly increasing East Mediterranean population movements and all-around integration, but that does predate the Arab movement conceived in the quoted study by about 200 years.

[Nordarya]

Do you have any PCAs, saved from MyTrueAncestry or elsewhere?

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[Rocinante]

k15

[JamesBond007]

k15

Eurogenes K15 is pretty good but I like Dodecad K12b the most as it is the most precise for me. For instance, I'm a general mixed Germanic first and only secondly do I cluster with the Dutch and then thirdly the English. K12B has me as mixed_Germanic first then Dutch and then English. K15 has me as closest to the English first then to the Dutch.

G25 modern population average agrees that my closest is the Dutch since it has no mixed_Germanic category.

[Rocinante]

Eurogenes K15 is pretty good but I like Dodecad K12b the most as it is the most precise for me. For instance, I'm a general mixed Germanic first and only secondly do I cluster with the Dutch and then thirdly the English. K12B has me as mixed_Germanic first then Dutch and then English. K15 has me as closest to the English first then to the Dutch.

G25 modern population average agrees that my closest is the Dutch since it has no mixed_Germanic category.

K15 split europeans in 5 different components, and IMHO it gives a better mixed4 populations oracles, better than the infamous K13.

Right now, we just have to keep using G25, gedmatch isn't that reliable comparing to it.

[JamesBond007]

Dodecad K12b :

Using 1 population approximation:
1 Mixed_Germanic_Dodecad @ 3.547707
2 Dutch_Dodecad @ 4.149510
3 CEU30_1000Genomes @ 4.321190
4 English_Dodecad @ 4.433508
5 Kent_1000Genomes @ 4.460861
6 Argyll_1000Genomes @ 5.150399
7 Cornwall_1000Genomes @ 6.123357
8 British_Dodecad @ 6.143931
9 British_Isles_Dodecad @ 6.243843
10 Irish_Dodecad @ 6.326848
11 Orcadian_HGDP @ 6.367440
12 Orkney_1000Genomes @ 6.393582
13 French_Dodecad @ 10.710081
14 German_Dodecad @ 11.014168
15 French_HGDP @ 11.436357
16 Norwegian_Dodecad @ 13.207650
17 Swedish_Dodecad @ 15.786626
18 Hungarians_Behar @ 19.712175
19 Cataluna_1000Genomes @ 24.203848
20 Galicia_1000Genomes @ 25.477442

Using 2 populations approximation:
1 50% Argyll_1000Genomes +50% Mixed_Germanic_Dodecad @ 2.722564


Using 3 populations approximation:
1 50% Argyll_1000Genomes +25% Mixed_Germanic_Dodecad +25% Mixed_Germanic_Dodecad @ 2.722564


Using 4 populations approximation:
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ ++++
1 Argyll_1000Genomes + Mixed_Germanic_Dodecad + Mixed_Germanic_Dodecad + Mixed_Germanic_Dodecad @ 2.634310
2 Argyll_1000Genomes + Argyll_1000Genomes + Mixed_Germanic_Dodecad + Mixed_Germanic_Dodecad @ 2.722564
3 Argyll_1000Genomes + Kent_1000Genomes + Mixed_Germanic_Dodecad + Mixed_Germanic_Dodecad @ 2.869009
4 Argyll_1000Genomes + Dutch_Dodecad + Mixed_Germanic_Dodecad + Mixed_Germanic_Dodecad @ 2.882358
5 Argyll_1000Genomes + CEU30_1000Genomes + Mixed_Germanic_Dodecad + Mixed_Germanic_Dodecad @ 2.882728
6 Argyll_1000Genomes + English_Dodecad + Mixed_Germanic_Dodecad + Mixed_Germanic_Dodecad @ 2.887494
7 Mixed_Germanic_Dodecad + Mixed_Germanic_Dodecad + Mixed_Germanic_Dodecad + Orcadian_HGDP @ 2.889249
8 Irish_Dodecad + Mixed_Germanic_Dodecad + Mixed_Germanic_Dodecad + Mixed_Germanic_Dodecad @ 2.899449
9 Mixed_Germanic_Dodecad + Mixed_Germanic_Dodecad + Mixed_Germanic_Dodecad + Orkney_1000Genomes @ 2.963723
10 Argyll_1000Genomes + Cornwall_1000Genomes + Mixed_Germanic_Dodecad + Mixed_Germanic_Dodecad @ 2.981114
11 Argyll_1000Genomes + British_Dodecad + Mixed_Germanic_Dodecad + Mixed_Germanic_Dodecad @ 3.010854
12 British_Dodecad + Mixed_Germanic_Dodecad + Mixed_Germanic_Dodecad + Mixed_Germanic_Dodecad @ 3.038926
13 Argyll_1000Genomes + Irish_Dodecad + Mixed_Germanic_Dodecad + Mixed_Germanic_Dodecad @ 3.045146
14 Argyll_1000Genomes + Mixed_Germanic_Dodecad + Mixed_Germanic_Dodecad + Orcadian_HGDP @ 3.054181
15 Cornwall_1000Genomes + Mixed_Germanic_Dodecad + Mixed_Germanic_Dodecad + Mixed_Germanic_Dodecad @ 3.071208
16 Argyll_1000Genomes + Mixed_Germanic_Dodecad + Mixed_Germanic_Dodecad + Orkney_1000Genomes @ 3.099018
17 Dutch_Dodecad + Irish_Dodecad + Mixed_Germanic_Dodecad + Mixed_Germanic_Dodecad @ 3.174103
18 Argyll_1000Genomes + Argyll_1000Genomes + Dutch_Dodecad + Mixed_Germanic_Dodecad @ 3.174822
19 Dutch_Dodecad + Mixed_Germanic_Dodecad + Mixed_Germanic_Dodecad + Orcadian_HGDP @ 3.178035
20 Kent_1000Genomes + Mixed_Germanic_Dodecad + Mixed_Germanic_Dodecad + Orcadian_HGDP @ 3.216183


Eurogenes EUtest V2 K15 4-Ancestors Oracle
This program is based on 4-Ancestors Oracle Version 0.96 by Alexandr Burnashev.
Questions about results should be sent to him at: Alexandr.Burnashev@gmail.com
Original concept proposed by Sergey Kozlov.
Many thanks to Alexandr for helping us get this web version developed.

Admix Results (sorted):

# Population Percent
1 North_Sea 35.90
2 Atlantic 27.26
3 Baltic 9.98
4 Eastern_Euro 9.54
5 West_Med 9.00
6 West_Asian 4.70


Finished reading population data. 207 populations found.
15 components mode.

--------------------------------

Least-squares method.

Using 1 population approximation:
1 Southwest_English @ 4.227181
2 Southeast_English @ 4.311458
3 North_Dutch @ 4.412205
4 Danish @ 4.772104
5 West_Scottish @ 4.967160
6 Irish @ 5.035374
7 Orcadian @ 5.136900
8 North_German @ 6.150977
9 Norwegian @ 7.680265
10 South_Dutch @ 8.165316
11 West_Norwegian @ 8.655346
12 West_German @ 9.124647
13 Swedish @ 9.369050
14 North_Swedish @ 12.142170
15 French @ 13.106814
16 East_German @ 14.483371
17 Southwest_Finnish @ 17.617937
18 Austrian @ 19.816404
19 Hungarian @ 20.136675
20 Finnish @ 21.119114

Using 2 populations approximation:
1 50% North_Dutch +50% Southwest_English @ 3.075809


Using 3 populations approximation:
1 50% North_Dutch +25% Southwest_English +25% Southwest_English @ 3.075809


Using 4 populations approximation:
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ +++++++++++++
1 East_German + Orcadian + Orcadian + Orcadian @ 2.379456
2 East_German + Orcadian + Orcadian + Southwest_English @ 2.608917
3 East_German + Orcadian + Orcadian + Southeast_English @ 2.750713
4 East_German + Orcadian + Orcadian + West_Scottish @ 2.770147
5 Norwegian + Orcadian + South_Dutch + Southwest_English @ 2.780758
6 North_Swedish + Orcadian + Southwest_English + Southwest_English @ 2.826059
7 East_German + Irish + Orcadian + Orcadian @ 2.872046
8 Orcadian + South_Dutch + Southwest_English + West_Norwegian @ 2.889784
9 Norwegian + Orcadian + Orcadian + South_Dutch @ 2.924936
10 North_Dutch + Orcadian + Orcadian + South_Dutch @ 2.948628
11 North_German + Orcadian + Southwest_English + Southwest_English @ 2.952860
12 Norwegian + Orcadian + Southwest_English + Southwest_English @ 2.954086
13 Norwegian + Orcadian + South_Dutch + Southeast_English @ 2.956412
14 North_German + Southwest_English + Southwest_English + West_Norwegian @ 2.956784
15 Orcadian + South_Dutch + Southwest_English + Swedish @ 2.995584
16 Irish + Norwegian + Orcadian + South_Dutch @ 2.999320
17 North_German + Norwegian + Southwest_English + Southwest_English @ 3.005166
18 North_German + Orcadian + Orcadian + South_Dutch @ 3.005891
19 Norwegian + Orcadian + South_Dutch + West_Scottish @ 3.010474
20 Norwegian + Southeast_English + Southwest_English + Southwest_English @ 3.010906

Done.

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