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The term Islamic architecture is used to refer to the architecture of buildings that have a relationship with Islam or that emanate from the Islamic culture. It concerns both buildings with a religious function as a worldly function.
The mosque, the fortress, the palace and the tomb are some examples of structures that are common in Islamic architecture.
Since the beginning of Islam in the 7th century, Islam has spread throughout the world. The core of the Islamic civilization is the Middle East, but the area where Islam is the predominant religion, extends from Morocco in the west to China and Indonesia in the east.
Islamic architecture has combined elements in all these parts of the world. Traditional influences on Islamic architecture are the cultures of ancient Greece, the Byzantine Empire and its early Christian architecture, the Persian Empire with Zoroastrianism and the cultures of India and China. In turn, Islamic architecture had an influenced in these areas, for example the influence of Moorish architecture in Spain and Sicily.
Some concepts in Islamic architecture are as follows: Bazaar, Caravanserai, Dar al-Shifa, Hamam, Howz, Hussainia, Iwan, Kasbah, Khanegah, Ksar, Külliye, Madrasa, Medina, Mihrab, Minaret, Minbar, Mosque, Muqarnas, Qibla, Ribat, Sahn, Türbe, Windcatcher.
Islamic art is art that is made mostly by Muslims and/or that has Islamic themes. Examples of Islamic art can be found in various art forms such as sculpture, painting, architecture, calligraphy and textile art. Familiar examples are mosaics and murals.
Some examples of Islamic architecture and art:
Si-o-se Pol (Bridge of 33 Arches), a nice example of Safavid bridge design in Isfahan, Iran
Masjid Qubbat As-Sakhrah (Dome of the Rock), Jerusalem
Dome of the Rock, interior
Dome of the Rock, interior
Dome of the Rock, interior
Registan, a public square at heart of the ancient city of Samarkand of the Timurid dynasty, now in Uzbekistan, with its three madrasas (from left to right: Ulugh Beg Madrasa, Tilya-Kori Madrasa and Sher-Dor Madrasa)
Tiger on the Sher-Dor Madrasa iwan
Sher-Dor Madrasa
Tilya-Kori Madrasa, interior
Tilya-Kori Madrasa, interior
Tilya-Kori Madrasa
Taj Mahal (Crown of Palaces), the white marble mausoleum located in Agra, Uttar Pradesh, India, that was built by Mughal emperor Shah Jahan in memory of his third wife, Mumtaz Mahal
Taj Mahal complex, walkways beside reflecting pool
Taj Mahal complex, interior of the mosque
Taj Mahal, calligraphy on the walls
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