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Thread: European Heroes Of The Struggle Against Turks

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    Petar Berislavić



    https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petar_Berislavi%C4%87

    I linked Croatian wiki article because it's much more detailed than English version. If somebody's interested, you can use Google translate.

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    Dimche 'Mogilcheto' Sarvanov:



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    Antonio Surian detto Armeno

    Antonio Surian detto Armeno (Anton the Armenian), an engineer, military, doctor and inventor. He arrived in Venice from Cyprus at the age of 20. His brilliant mind of an engineer especially demonstrated itself in the Battle of Lepanto in 1571. Anton the Armenian developed a technique and positioned the ship canons allowing to rotate ninety degrees with each artillery defusing, which allows continuous fire in such a way that no cannonball missed its target, and that resulted in the crushing defeat of the Ottoman fleet. As a result of the battle, the Ottomans lost 224 ships, while the Venetians lost only 13.

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    Hans Sachs (1494-1576), a well-known poet and composer from Nuremberg, on November 30, 1532, published a poem (song) about the Osmanlı campaign and the resistance of Güns.

    The Prisoners' Lament

    O Lord God, have mercy
    For us poor suffering prisoners.
    They strangle our children;
    they take away our sheep and cattle;
    our houses and farms they've burnt,
    and we've been led into suffering;
    Alas, that our mothers had never birthed us;
    first they have us pull their plows,
    then feed us barley, like their horses,
    we pick it with our mouths from the ground.
    Such grief (sorrow), grim death, and redeem us,
    from the cruel angry Türks (Türkish evil).

    Ein Klag zu Gott vber die graegam Wüterey - Hans Sachs s.jpg

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    Adding to this post about Zrinski


    Siege of Szigetvár in 1566

    On September 7, 1566, after the fortress of Szigetvár had been besieged for a month, Nikola Zrinski, the castellan of the fortress realized that there was no way that he could win and therefore decided that he would rather die in a glorious suicidal battle rather than be taken as a captive. This is what happened that morning.


    Nikola Zrinski’s final speech

    Zrinski, followed by his chamberlain carrying the royal standards and shield,
    walks into the courtyard where the assembled soldiers and civilians wait for
    him. As he walks, time slows, and he thinks about what is happening.
    The noise of the Osmanlı army grows louder, drums boom and horns blare,
    but the Szigetars, in their armor with swords in hand, are silent as they wait.
    Even in this burning hell, the soldiers stand as calm and strong as they did
    when they swore their oath at the start of the siege. Zrinski is proud of them.
    As he walks by the crowd he shakes hands and embraces his vitézek (valiant men).

    Onto a makeshift podium he steps and addresses the crowd.

    Zrinski
    [Speaks loudly, with genuine conviction and strength.]
    My beloved brethren, true valiant men! We can see how our Lord God
    harshly punishes us with these flames. Our enemy cannot defeat us by
    their heroism on the battlefield with a sword in hand, and thus they
    weaken us with this cowardly but cruel fire and the smoke that chokes
    us. The punishment that the Almighty Lord sends fits our sins. We
    must bear this punishment with a grateful spirit for we suffer not only
    for forgiveness and purification of our sins but also for the sins of our
    Homeland.

    Unfortunately, we can see now that staying here is not possible even if
    we want to, no matter how heroic we are. For this there are three
    reasons: first, the fire grows stronger and we will burn; even if we
    extinguish the fires we are few and will not be able to hold out for long,
    that is the second reason. The third reason is that we do not have food
    or water. Look at the women and children, suffering, hungry and
    thirsty. Do we want to stay and perish in this fire?

    Remember now the oath I swore at the start of this siege, how first I
    pledged allegiance to you and then you pledged allegiance to me. With
    God as our witness, we swore to live together and die together. Thanks
    be to God that so far among us there has been no treachery or betrayal
    and there will not be any now. I advise we reject any shameful and
    inglorious thoughts of ignominious surrender at the end of our steadfast
    lives and adhere to our long-standing military honor and fulfill our
    duties as best we can.

    Soldiers, let us go out from here into the Fortress, as only true men can.
    Let us show the enemy our middle finger and fight 1 valiantly with them
    face to face, chest to chest, to the death, so that our deaths will be
    spoken of with good and honourable words. Those of us who fall will be
    with God, while those who survive will be celebrated with honor. The
    ages will not forget our heroism and virtuous deeds; they will celebrate
    them forever.

    I have lived free and I will die free! Therefore, I want to be the first to
    go, in front of you, and you will follow me. What I do, you do the same.
    Believe me, my beloved brethren, even unto death I will never abandon
    you!

    Soldiers
    [Emboldened, not afraid of anything - they cheer and shout.]
    Jesus! Jesus! Jesus!

    Zrinski
    [During the great assault of August 29 Andrija Bika, the
    garrison flag-bearer, died in battle. A new flag-bearer is needed.]

    Lovro Juranić please step forward.
    To you, I give the honor of being our flag-bearer.

    Lovro Juranić (Juranics Lőrinc)
    With great pride, I accept this most honorable duty

    [Lovro prepares the flags and is happy to know that the end
    of his young noble life will come fighting by the side Nikola Zrinski.]


    Zrinski
    György Kecskés and Ivan Novak, you will take the remaining
    musketeers into the tower, barricade yourselves inside, and fire on the
    enemy for as long as you can.

    [The soldiers follow Zrinski's example and throw their shields, helmets, and
    armor into the corner so that they too will be faster and more agile in the
    fight and to receive wounds more easily. They draw their swords, throw
    away the scabbards, and with a sword in hand, they walk from the
    courtyard to the gate.]


    [Zrinski pulls aside the chamberlain, treasurer, and steward, and says:]
    You are brave to stand here but you are not soldiers. You can
    accomplish more by living than by dying here. Hide in the kitchen and
    when you are captured let the Yeñiçeri officers know that my son will
    pay your ransoms.

    Zrinski on the bastion.jpg


    Zrinski's noble final charge

    The Sultân’s mehter band continues to play the same god-awful melodies
    and the war drum booms. A Sziget sentry observing the Osmanlı army
    reports that the enemy is gathering at the other end of the bridge while
    some are bringing ladders by which to cross the moat. He says there are
    so many barbarians at the other end of the bridge that if an apple were
    thrown into the air when it falls it would not hit the ground but a
    barbarian head.

    An attack is imminent. Zrinski realizes his soldiers will not be able to
    cross the bridge if it is full of Türks. The bridge must be cleared. Zrinski
    tells Szerecsen Márk (Marko Šerečen), the last remaining cannoneer, to
    bring the two cannons to the gate. Szerecsen then 1 orders soldiers to
    bring any small shot, chains, nails, and scrap metal that they can find.
    He loads a heavy charge of black powder, packs the cannons full to the
    mouth with the improvised grapeshot, and then aims the cannons
    toward the gate, ready to fire.

    Zrinski takes his pistol in hand, yells the order and as the gate opens the
    Osmanlıs are caught off guard; they stand still in disbelief, puzzled to see
    the Szigetars standing there with no armor, helmets or shields (and
    maybe showing ‘the finger’). Zrinski orders the cannons to fire, but
    before cannoneer Szerecsen can fire, an enemy musketball strikes him in
    the forehead and he falls. Zrinski calls to György Horváth (Juraj Horvat)
    to take the match and fire the cannons. A tremendous roar thunders
    from the first cannon, quickly followed by the second. Both cannons
    recoil backward. In an instant there is a massacre; the deadly blast kills
    and wounds scores of Osmanlı soldiers. A massive wall of cannon
    smoke drifts across the moat and hides the scale of the horrific massacre.
    Harrowing screams are heard from the wounded and many enemy
    soldiers fall off the bridge into the moat. The Osmanlıs are in shock,
    dazed, and cannot move.

    Zrinski stands at the gate with Lovro Juranić at his side, holding the flags, and
    the rest of his men close behind him. With his shield on his left arm, Zrinski
    raises his pistol above his head and shouts, “Za dom! Sad u boj!” (For the
    Homeland! Now into battle!). The spirit that moves Zrinski inspires every
    soldier for battle; ready to fight and ready to die - not ready to surrender.

    They do not forget their honor - loyalty, bravery, and steadfastness. They
    desire to take their vengeance before they die with the enemy’s blood all over
    them. The soldiers respond with shouts, “U boj! U boj! U boj!” (To Battle!
    To Battle! To Battle!).

    Through the smoke, like a fiery ray of lightning from a storm cloud, the
    gallant heroes launch a final attack across the bridge on their countless
    foes. On the other side of the bridge, a Yeñiçeri officer with a sword in
    hand begins to move forward. Zrinski raises his pistol, aims, fires, and kills
    him. With no time to reload, he throws the pistol to the ground and takes
    his sword. The charge is not easy. While many Osmanlıs have fallen into
    the moat, the bridge is littered with corpses, body parts, and covered with
    slippery blood making it difficult to cross quickly toward the thick rows of
    Osmanlı soldiers gathered on the other side.

    The Szigetars reach the Fortress gate, and there they fight the enemy. Zrinski
    fights like a giant! His sword cuts down everyone that comes near him. In
    their shock, by the power of the Sziget swords, many Osmanlıs fall - like a
    field of wheat blown over by powerful storm-winds. Zrinski is optimistic that
    he and his men will get into the Fortress and there, fight. The enemy
    swordsmen cannot touch Zrinski but their vast numbers do stop his advance.
    The Yeñiçeris move forward and slowly push the Szigetars back onto the bridge.

    A Yeñiçeri captain shouts in Croatian to Zrinski that the Yeñiçeris do not want
    to kill him and that the Sultân will, even now, pardon him if he surrenders but
    Zrinski continues to fight. The Yeñiçeri officer shouts to his own soldiers to
    pull back and again shouts to Zrinski to stop fighting, that if he surrenders he
    will be treated as a knightly (gallant, chivalrous) hero. Zrinski shouts back
    that he has not yet surrendered and that he will not surrender now, at his
    moment of glory. He yells to the Yeñiçeris to fight him one on one, like true
    men, but none do. Zrinski moves forward, but then hears the sound of
    musket fire from the front and cries of pain behind him. One of his men has
    been shot.

    Again, Zrinski yells for a fight, but the Yeñiçeris stand still. Zrinski charges
    forward. The Yeñiçeri captain orders a musket to fire and a musketball hits
    Lovro Juranić, and both he and the flags fall. Zrinski and his men move
    forward. The Yeñiçeri captain thinks that Zrinski and his men have lost their
    minds and gives the order for more muskets to fire, this time at Zrinski. It is
    then that a musketball rips through the right side of Zrinski’s chest. A stream
    of his noble blood trickles out, he stumbles but does not drop his sword.
    Undaunted, he shouts to his men to continue fighting. A second bullet hits
    him, he stumbles, and then he drops to his knee. As he tries to stand up, a
    third bullet grazes his head by the right temple, the force of which almost
    knocks him unconscious. He falls to the ground beside Lovro and the Kaiser’s
    flag. When the Yeñiçeris see Zrinski fall they shout “Allāh! Allāh! Allāh!”
    The Szigetars continue to fight fiercely and desperately but they are
    overwhelmed and pushed back but not one of the valiant men asks for
    Osmanlı mercy. It is said that on the bridge, along with Lovro Juranić,
    die young noblemen from families with an ancient lineage; Juraj Crnki
    (Čaki), Istvánffy Pál, Bajomy János along with Vuk Papratović, Nikola
    Kobać and Petar Patačić. The Szigetars again retreat into the Citadel
    and try to close the gate but it is too late because the Yeñiçeris have
    forced their way in.

    Like a storm, the Yeñiçeris sweep through the Citadel to mercilessly
    finish off the defenders but even now they are not a match for the Szigetars
    in one-on-one combat. From the stone tower, György Kecskés and
    Ivan Novak fire their muskets at the Yeñiçeris, but with few muskets and
    a slow rate of fire, there is little they can do against the multitude of the enemy.

    While the fires rage on, the Yeñiçeris attack the last of the Szigetars with
    swords, spears, and arrows. The ramparts and roofs of the Citadel are full of
    Osmanlı soldiers who attack with axes, while others throw stones and even
    wood at the Szigetars now fighting not to win but to die honorably. Most of
    the Szigetars do not fall by Yeñiçeri swords, but by musket fire. Soon, the
    invaders become masters of the Citadel, which is now a gruesome scene with
    the many dead bodies, of both Muhammadan and Christian soldiers, inside
    and outside the ramparts. There are so many corpses that the living must
    walk on the dead. On the ground, there is so much clotting blood that it can
    be easily scooped up by hand.

    Zrinski's final charge by Moritz @216.jpg


    The death of Nikola Zrinski

    In the Osmanlı camp

    During the fight on the bridge, Nikola Zrinski’s men try to protect their
    beloved castellan and attempt to carry him back into the Citadel but the
    Yeñiçeris surge forward and come to Zrinski, lying on the ground. They see
    that though Zrinski’s wounds are severe he is still alive. They lift him above
    their heads and quickly, as Selânikî chronicles, “before his evil soul leaves his
    unclean body”, bring him to the Yeñiçeri Ağa. Physicians are summoned to
    keep him alive because having the noble Zrinski as a prisoner would bring
    great glory but the physicians report that while Zrinski 1 is alive, his wounds
    are severe and that he will not live much longer.

    The Yeñiçeri Ağa orders that Zrinski is placed face down on the carriage of
    the Katzianer cannon and then with a powerful swing of a Yeñiçeri’s sword,
    Zrinski’s head is cut from his shoulders. Zrinski’s decapitation might be
    retribution for the beheading of the prisoners after the fall of Old Town, the
    death of Ali Portug, and especially the impalement the Yeñiçeri Ağa Ali. Or,
    maybe it is for Zrinski’s stubborn refusal to surrender and thus prolonging the
    horrors of the siege - we can only imagine. Muhzır Ağa takes the freshly cut
    off head and wraps it in a linen cloth. Then, accompanied by a few Yeñiçeris,
    he carries the head, with the kalpag, gold chain, and keys, to the Sultân's tent.
    The Grand Vezir accepts the head, thanks the Yeñiçeris for their bravery, and
    gives them a reward of 50 gold altın coins.

    Sokolović takes the Sziget keys and looks at Zrinski’s head and says in
    Croatian:
    “Croat, Croat, I asked you often to surrender the fortress to me.
    You could have been a powerful king of all the Croatian lands, more
    powerful than Maximilian in Vienna, but you were reluctant, and
    now here you give me the keys to your beloved fortress along with
    your head.”

    Source: ... As Only True Men Can: Nikola Zrinski's Last Stand at Sziget
    https://www.amazon.com/dp/B07XR62TGK/

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    This blog is difficult to navigate but there are a lot of stories about the Hungarian battle against the Ottomans

    Hungarian-Ottoman Wars

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    MILA GOJSALIĆ


    I'm not sure if anyone on this thread has mentioned a female person who stood out for her bravery and who gave her life resisting the Ottomans



    Mila Gojsalić lived in the time of battles between the Republic of Poljica and the Ottoman Empire.
    The Republic of Poljica was an autonomous community that existed in the late Middle Ages and the early modern period in central Dalmatia (near modern-day Omiš, Croatia). It was organized as a peasant republic. All noble groups were Croats and the republic was very important to the Croatian national renaissance.


    Mila Gojsalić lived in mid 16th century when Ottoman Ahmed Pasha gathered an army of 10 000 soldiers to conquer Poljica.
    He set up a camp nearby and was preparing for attack. Mila, a young girl from the Gojsalić family was forcibly brought to Ahmed Pasha's tent and was raped. Before dawn when leaving the tent, she tore out the torch and with it managed to enter the gunpowder storehouse and set it on fire. She died with Ahmed Pasha and numerous Turkish soldiers.


    Her act surprised the remaining Turkish army. The people of Poljica then attacked the Turks and defeated them. Her heroism motivated the people of Poljica to defend their homeland. She was never forgotten and was mentioned in some Croatian folk poems.
    Hoc est in votis.

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