Indo-Europeans were originaly mongols

[robar]

From dienekes blog:

Ancient Mitochondrial DNA From Pre-historic Southeastern Europe: The Presence of East Eurasian Haplogroups Provides Evidence of Interactions with South Siberians Across the Central Asian Steppe Belt
Jeremy R. Newton, Grand Valley State University

Studies of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) polymorphism have provided valuable insights for understanding patterns of human migration and interaction. The ability to recover ancient mtDNA sequence data from post-mortem bone and tissue samples allows us to view snapshots of historic gene pools firsthand, provided that great care is taken to prevent sample contamination. In this study, we analyzed the DNA sequence of the first hypervariable segment (HVSI) of the mtDNA control region, as well as a portion of the coding region, in 14 individuals from three collective burials from the Neolithic Dnieper-Donetz culture and three individuals from Bronze Age Kurgan burials, all located in modern-day Ukraine on the northern shores of the Black Sea (the North Pontic Region, or NPR). While most of our samples possessed mtDNA haplotypes that can be linked to European and Near Eastern populations, three Neolithic and all three Bronze Age individuals belonged to mtDNA haplogroup C, which is common in East Eurasian, particularly South Siberian, populations but exceedingly rare in Europe. Phylogeographic network analysis revealed that our samples are located at or near the ancestral node for haplogroup C and that derived lineages branching from the Neolithic samples were present in Bronze Age Kurgans.

It's either the Kurgan hypothesis is false or Indo-Europeans were Mongols

[Kiyant]

They are our long lost brothers.

[blogen]

The haplotype is not phenotype! But this persons were Europo-Mongoloid presumably, the bronze age population of the Eurasian steppe were mixed already. This was the time of the birth of the Turanid (Cromagnoid+Mongoloid) or Pamirid (Taurid+Mongoloid types.

[SobieskisavedEurope]

The Kurgan culture of Indo-Europeans seems to have started just West in Poland!

http://polishgenes.blogspot.com/2010...rded-ware.html

it seems this Corded Ware kurgan from Southeastern Poland is the oldest in Eurasia (6,000 YBP). But I'd like to hear from anyone who knows of source that mentions a kurgan older than this.

http://dienekes.blogspot.com/2009/11...group-r1a.html

The earliest expansion time for R-M458 is found in Poland (10.7ky), but since the paper uses the effective mutation rate that I criticized elsewhere, this date should be divided by a factor of 3 giving an age of 3.6ky. This matches quite well the age for the Balto-Slavic split according to Gray and Atkinson. As with the recent paper on J-P58, adopting the germline rate makes excellent sense.

If R-M458 had started expanding 10.7ky ago, then by the time of the early dispersals of Kurgan groups east, it would have been present among them, and we would expect to find it east of the Urals and in the Near East/Central/South Asia. To reconcile this age with the archaeological picture of west-east movements across the steppe seems impossible. However, the situation resolves itself neatly when we realize that J-P58 is only 3-4 thousand years old, and was not in existence at the time of the Kurgan expansion.

[Kiyant]

The Kurgan culture of Indo-Europeans seems to have started just West in Poland!

http://polishgenes.blogspot.com/2010...rded-ware.html

it seems this Corded Ware kurgan from Southeastern Poland is the oldest in Eurasia (6,000 YBP). But I'd like to hear from anyone who knows of source that mentions a kurgan older than this.

http://dienekes.blogspot.com/2009/11...group-r1a.html

The earliest expansion time for R-M458 is found in Poland (10.7ky), but since the paper uses the effective mutation rate that I criticized elsewhere, this date should be divided by a factor of 3 giving an age of 3.6ky. This matches quite well the age for the Balto-Slavic split according to Gray and Atkinson. As with the recent paper on J-P58, adopting the germline rate makes excellent sense.

If R-M458 had started expanding 10.7ky ago, then by the time of the early dispersals of Kurgan groups east, it would have been present among them, and we would expect to find it east of the Urals and in the Near East/Central/South Asia. To reconcile this age with the archaeological picture of west-east movements across the steppe seems impossible. However, the situation resolves itself neatly when we realize that J-P58 is only 3-4 thousand years old, and was not in existence at the time of the Kurgan expansion.

Most theorys say the Kurgan culture comes from Ukraine/Russia.

[robar]

The haplotype is not phenotype! But this persons were Europo-Mongoloid presumably, the bronze age population of the Eurasian steppe were mixed already. This was the time of the birth of the Turanid (Cromagnoid+Mongoloid) or Pamirid (Taurid+Mongoloid types.

There is a strong corellation especially with Mt-dna

[SobieskisavedEurope]

Most theorys say the Kurgan culture comes from Ukraine/Russia.

Earliest Kurgan & R1a in Europe found in Poland changes this notion drastically!

[SobieskisavedEurope]

From dienekes blog:

It's either the Kurgan hypothesis is false or Indo-Europeans were Mongols

http://eurogenes.blogspot.com.au/200...a1-had_24.html

Ancient Siberians carrying R1a1 had light eyes - take 2

Hot on the heels of that recent Bouakaze et al. paper on the pigmentation genetics of prehistoric South Siberians, here's another effort based on the same samples and by basically the same team. This paper attempts to further elucidate the origins of these light-pigmented Kurgan nomads, including so called Scytho-Siberians.

Our autosomal, Y-chromosomal and mitochondrial DNA analyses reveal that whereas few specimens seem to be related matrilineally or patrilineally, nearly all subjects belong to haplogroup R1a1-M17 which is thought to mark the eastward migration of the early Indo-Europeans. Our results also confirm that at the Bronze and Iron Ages, south Siberia was a region of overwhelmingly predominant European settlement, suggesting an eastward migration of Kurgan people across the Russo-Kazakh steppe. Finally, our data indicate that at the Bronze and Iron Age timeframe, south Siberians were blue (or green)-eyed, fair-skinned and light-haired people and that they might have played a role in the early development of the Tarim Basin civilization.

Here are the locations of present-day individuals who were found to carry similar Y-chromosome lineages to those of the Kurgan samples. Interestingly, the most strongly represented region is East-Central Europe, which was once the home of the Corded Ware cultural horizon. Please note, three Corded Ware remains from a burial site at Eulau, Eastern Germany, were recently found to belong to R1a, which was most likely R1a1-M17 based on their shared Y-STR haplotype (see here).

[blogen]

There is a strong corellation especially with Mt-dna

Three generations and the the maternal/paternal genes of the grandparents may disappear from the descendants!

[robar]

http://eurogenes.blogspot.com.au/200...a1-had_24.html

Ancient Siberians carrying R1a1 had light eyes - take 2

Hot on the heels of that recent Bouakaze et al. paper on the pigmentation genetics of prehistoric South Siberians, here's another effort based on the same samples and by basically the same team. This paper attempts to further elucidate the origins of these light-pigmented Kurgan nomads, including so called Scytho-Siberians.

Our autosomal, Y-chromosomal and mitochondrial DNA analyses reveal that whereas few specimens seem to be related matrilineally or patrilineally, nearly all subjects belong to haplogroup R1a1-M17 which is thought to mark the eastward migration of the early Indo-Europeans. Our results also confirm that at the Bronze and Iron Ages, south Siberia was a region of overwhelmingly predominant European settlement, suggesting an eastward migration of Kurgan people across the Russo-Kazakh steppe. Finally, our data indicate that at the Bronze and Iron Age timeframe, south Siberians were blue (or green)-eyed, fair-skinned and light-haired people and that they might have played a role in the early development of the Tarim Basin civilization.

Here are the locations of present-day individuals who were found to carry similar Y-chromosome lineages to those of the Kurgan samples. Interestingly, the most strongly represented region is East-Central Europe, which was once the home of the Corded Ware cultural horizon. Please note, three Corded Ware remains from a burial site at Eulau, Eastern Germany, were recently found to belong to R1a, which was most likely R1a1-M17 based on their shared Y-STR haplotype (see here).

The maternal dna C-is there so they were partly mongols