The role of emerging elites in the formation of communities after the fall of the Roman Empire

[Ajeje Brazorf]

https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.2317868121

Elites played a pivotal role in the formation of post-Roman Europe on both macro- and microlevels during the Early Medieval period. Our approach combines history and archaeology with paleogenomic and isotopic data to explore the role of elite groups in the development of a 6 to 8th-century community at Collegno, Italy. Analyzing 28 new genomes with 24 previous ones revealed that the site was formed around biologically and socially connected high-ranking groups. The community also integrated newcomers and embraced individuals with diverse genetic ancestries. This study highlights how power shifts and migration after the fall of the Roman Empire influenced community formation in the rural areas in one of the core territories of the former Western Roman Empire.

The study discusses the analysis of a large, biologically related group (Pedigree I) that spans five generations and includes 24 out of 52 analyzed individuals. Despite differences in genetic ancestry and diet, members of Pedigree I share similar burial customs, with most adult males buried with weapons and elaborate belt sets, symbols of social and economic power in early medieval Europe. These items, absent in the burials of individuals outside Pedigree I, indicate the elite status of this group. The presence of specific burial customs and dietary patterns within certain branches of the pedigree suggests that these branches represented meaningful social units, likely families or households, which incorporated both related and unrelated individuals. Similar patterns in Pedigree II suggest a broader social structure in the community.

Despite genetic differences, the burial practices were used to maintain group cohesion and exclude outsiders. Paleodietary analysis supports this, showing that Pedigree I members had different diets from the rest of the community, indicating social separation. The presence of prestigious artifacts in their graves reflects the group's inherited high status, maintained across generations. The eventual decline in grave goods aligns with broader trends in 7th-century Europe, and the site's abandonment in the early 8th century may be due to the relocation or extinction of these elite families, or a shift to churchyard burials.

Members of Pedigree I are identified as an emerging elite group that founded a new community after the Langobard occupation of Northern Italy. These elites were socially connected through blood relations, though they were not genetically homogeneous. Genetic analysis shows that CL1 and CL2 members had central-northern European ancestry, likely due to migration, while CL3 members had local ancestry similar to nearby contemporary sites. The genetic diversity may have predated their arrival in Italy or resulted from the assimilation of local elites. These elite groups played a crucial role in maintaining political control in rural areas during the early Langobard Kingdom, occupying strategically important locations.

[Ajeje Brazorf]

Sample	Artefact	Sex	mtDNA	Y-DNA	Pedigree
COL_128		male	H6a1a	R1b1	I-CL1
COL_150	weapon (spatha, sax, spear, shield); belt set; glass vessel	male	T2b	R1b1a1b1a1 / P310	I-CL1
COL_069	weapon (sax); belt set	male	K1b2a	R1b1a1b1a1a1c / R-U106 S263/Z381	I-CL2
COL_140		female	I2d		I-CL2
COL_142	weapon (spatha, sax, shield); belt set	male	K1b2a	R1b1a1b / M269	I-CL2
COL_143	weapon (sax, spear, shield); belt set; stemmed glass	male	I2d	R1b1	I-CL2
COL_017	weapon (sax); belt set	male	I2d	R1b1a1b / M269	I-CL2/3
COL_020		female	H, H9, H46, H52, H69		I-CL2/3
COL_039		female	H, H9, H46, H52, H69		I-CL2/3
COL_099		female	H15a1		I-CL3
COL_106		male	L1b1a13	NA	II
COL_126		male	H2b	G2a3b1a2 / G-L497	II
COL_136		male	H2b	G2a3b1a2 / G-L497	II
COL_148		female	H2b		II
COL_002		female	H82		III
COL_008		female	H82		III
COL_050		male	HV0, HV0b, HV0c, HV0d	R1b1	III
COL_033		female	H1au		NA
COL_034		male	H50	R1b1a2a1a1 / R-M343 R-CTS5330	NA
COL_035		female	H1		NA
COL_056		female	K2a3		NA
COL_077		female	J1c5		NA
COL_079		female	X		NA
COL_081		female	U4a1a		NA
COL_095		female	T2b, T2b21		NA
COL_098		male	J2a1a1	R1b1	NA
COL_112	ceramic pot, glass vessel	female	K1b2		NA
COL_130		male	U1b	E1b1	NA

[Ajeje Brazorf]

Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_002__AD_642__Cov_47.81%,0.119514,0.142174,0.043369,-0.000646,0.039084,-0.002789,-0.00282,-0.000923,0.010431,0.02934,-0.005684,0.006294,-0.011596,-0.003303,0.010315,-0.009414,-0.014081,0.003041,-0.003645,-0.004002,0.005116,-0.001607,-0.001356,-0.008194,0.002634
Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_008__AD_723__Cov_48.38%,0.125205,0.140143,0.040352,0.00323,0.042469,0.002789,0.010105,0.001385,0.018816,0.024237,-0.00406,0.003597,-0.019921,-0.006193,0.012351,0.00053,-0.002608,0.004687,-0.005279,-0.003001,0.001996,0.003833,-0.001232,-0.000482,-0.006945
Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_017__AD_642__Cov_52.27%,0.118376,0.141159,0.051288,0.028101,0.037853,0.015339,0.012221,-0.003,0.011044,0.007107,-0.010718,0.004946,-0.00892,0.005092,0.015336,-0.001856,-0.015385,0.010135,0.004148,-0.002501,-0.001248,0.003091,0.005916,-0.000361,-0.006107
Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_020__AD_702__Cov_46.28%,0.108132,0.142174,0.016593,-0.006783,0.023081,-0.007809,-0.00329,0.003231,0.00409,0.016583,-0.003573,0.005095,-0.007879,0,0.005429,0.001591,0.011995,0.001394,0.006285,0.000375,0,0.006183,0.003821,-0.006145,-0.000718
Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_033__AD_642__Cov_52.94%,0.112685,0.144205,0.022627,-0.026486,0.030775,-0.007251,0.003055,0,0.008999,0.026971,0.005034,0.008842,-0.018434,-0.006606,0.004072,0.007292,-0.000913,-0.000633,0.003268,0.012006,0.001248,0.010263,-0.005793,-0.006868,0.002874
Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_034__AD_642__Cov_55.42%,0.119514,0.136081,0.038089,0,0.045547,-0.001394,0.00376,0.005538,0.006136,0.018588,-0.005359,0.002698,-0.022894,0.000688,0.006922,0.005834,0.012517,-0.002407,0,-0.001626,0.003494,0.006925,-0.012941,0.002289,0.001317
Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_035__AD_743__Cov_47.94%,0.114961,0.141159,0.029793,-0.002907,0.03139,-0.001394,0.00423,0.006692,0.008795,0.027335,-0.005684,0.004796,-0.016799,-0.002064,-0.004343,0.000133,-0.00013,0.001647,-0.00176,0.002751,-0.003369,-0.000495,-0.005793,0.006266,0.008382
Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_039__AD_642__Cov_48.93%,0.120652,0.150298,0.014708,-0.012274,0.032929,-0.004741,-0.003995,0.004846,0.001636,0.012757,-0.004384,0.004946,-0.013231,0.003578,0.004614,-0.001326,-0.005215,-0.000887,0.002765,0.005378,-0.002371,0.012613,-0.000493,-0.001566,0
Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_050__AD_640__Cov_48.80%,0.10927,0.136081,0.040352,0.006137,0.036622,0.000837,0.00141,0.003,0.014317,0.022415,-0.006658,0.006894,-0.010406,-0.007982,0.0095,0.013392,-0.002608,0.009628,-0.002011,-0.002501,0.004243,0.004328,-0.012202,-0.001084,0.000718
Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_056__AD_642__Cov_33.89%,0.114961,0.136081,0.038089,0.006783,0.0397,0.000279,-0.00329,-0.000462,0.009817,0.011663,-0.007957,-0.000899,-0.015015,-0.010184,0.00665,-0.00716,-0.013951,-0.0019,-0.002263,-0.013131,0.011605,0.005935,-0.014297,0.000482,-0.001916
Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_069__AD_642__Cov_59.86%,0.124067,0.133034,0.07731,0.053295,0.041238,0.034025,0.00047,0.004154,0.003681,-0.002369,-0.003573,0.001349,-0.010258,-0.015001,0.025515,-0.005038,-0.024512,0.006208,0.005908,0.005378,0.007112,0.003833,-0.005916,0.013375,0.005389
Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_077__AD_642__Cov_52.01%,0.114961,0.139128,0.042238,0.004522,0.041238,-0.001952,0.00188,0.007615,0.012067,0.023508,0.002111,0.003597,-0.00996,-0.013762,0.008415,0.022805,0.016298,0.002154,0.00176,0.001501,0.002745,0,-0.006655,0.001446,0.002395
Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_079__AD_642__Cov_42.29%,0.112685,0.132019,0.02225,-0.018411,0.03416,0.000279,0.001645,0.002077,0.008385,0.027518,0.004709,0.005395,-0.015163,-0.012111,0.000814,0.002121,0.023469,0.004687,0.008925,-0.001126,-0.003244,0.003091,-0.000863,0.007591,-0.003233
Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_081__AD_642__Cov_45.23%,0.112685,0.140143,0.019987,-0.004199,0.024004,-0.003904,-0.00376,0.002538,0.006545,0.017677,-0.000812,0.004196,-0.010704,-0.004817,0.009229,0.001458,-0.002608,0.000253,0.012193,0.003126,0.002371,0.00643,-0.005669,0.007109,-0.000359
Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_095__AD_642__Cov_42.72%,0.119514,0.14319,0.040729,0.005168,0.029852,0.004462,-0.00282,0.005769,0.01268,0.025331,0.005359,0.012289,-0.016947,-0.012386,0.008279,0.011403,0.002086,-0.00114,0.002891,-0.003252,0.000374,0.012984,-0.004067,0.001084,0.004071
Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_098__AD_642__Cov_45.47%,0.113823,0.147252,0.026776,-0.021964,0.024004,0.003347,0.00282,0.000692,0.016157,0.021322,-0.004872,-0.004646,-0.010852,0.001239,-0.007057,-0.018165,-0.012126,-0.001774,0.007793,-0.005878,0.005241,-0.000124,0.000739,-0.000723,0.003712
Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_099__AD_642__Cov_60.22%,0.117238,0.145221,0.01697,-0.014535,0.024928,-0.009203,0.00611,0.004846,0.005522,0.01057,-0.002923,0.007643,-0.005054,0.000688,0.006515,-0.004243,-0.014994,0.004814,0.009553,-0.011005,0.003743,0.004081,0.00456,0.00964,0.002395
Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_106__AD_642__Cov_44.26%,0.088782,0.152329,-0.02753,-0.054587,0.007694,-0.016733,-0.003995,-0.003231,-0.003477,0.021504,-0.003735,0.003297,-0.001784,-0.00234,-0.007329,0.000663,0.005867,0.001394,-0.003142,-0.002001,-0.004492,0.000247,0.003081,0.005904,-0.004191
Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_112__AD_642__Cov_40.97%,0.120652,0.137096,0.027153,0.013889,0.025235,0.008925,-0.007755,0.005538,0.005318,0.007836,-0.002436,0.010041,-0.011596,-0.003991,0.004479,0.000133,-0.003781,-0.004687,0.004525,0.005753,-0.001248,-0.004451,0.005916,0.006868,-0.001078
Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_126__AD_718__Cov_42.81%,0.117238,0.147252,-0.011691,-0.021318,0.013541,-0.016176,-0.003995,-0.010153,-0.001636,0.025513,-0.002436,0.001199,-0.002973,0.001651,-0.002443,-0.006497,0.010561,0.000507,-0.000628,-0.003126,-0.001248,0.000866,0.008997,0.006507,0.001916
Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_128__AD_747__Cov_54.63%,0.12862,0.126941,0.055814,0.049096,0.041546,0.015618,0.003055,0.004846,0.006954,-0.002187,-0.00406,0.000899,-0.012042,-0.014726,0.02253,0.005701,0.003781,0.009755,0.002514,0.00988,0.008859,0.003091,0.000616,0.017111,-0.002155
Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_130__AD_633__Cov_45.47%,0.122929,0.138112,0.026776,-0.010336,0.027082,-0.006136,-0.000235,0.007615,0.013908,0.028247,0.000487,0.005395,-0.01888,-0.005367,-0.005157,-0.003978,0.000652,0.005574,-0.000251,0.004002,-0.000374,0.006801,-0.005793,-0.001325,0.000718
Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_136__AD_722__Cov_57.49%,0.105855,0.145221,-0.005657,-0.034561,0.003693,-0.009203,-0.00282,-0.005769,-0.000818,0.014397,0.005521,0.002248,-0.008622,-0.002477,-0.006107,0.004243,-0.000522,0.005068,0.001508,-0.000375,-0.012353,0.000618,0.006286,0.002651,-0.005029
Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_140__AD_642__Cov_46.96%,0.124067,0.142174,0.052797,0.049419,0.040623,0.017291,0.00564,0.013384,0.005522,-0.004009,-0.006496,-0.004946,-0.011001,0.001101,0.020765,0.003845,-0.015646,0.006334,0.01345,-0.002501,-0.002246,0.006801,-0.00456,0.008917,0.000838
Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_142__AD_642__Cov_24.32%,0.127482,0.13405,0.065996,0.059755,0.037238,0.02761,0.001175,0.005769,0.002045,-0.018041,0.005196,0.003147,-0.011744,-0.008945,0.02728,0.004508,-0.025295,0.006588,0.005279,0.001751,0.009608,0.005812,-0.008381,0.01928,0.002874
Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_143__AD_642__Cov_58.55%,0.125205,0.13405,0.063733,0.056848,0.041854,0.02259,-0.000705,0.009461,0.011044,-0.008747,-0.007145,0.001349,-0.012487,-0.005092,0.022394,0.001458,-0.01682,0.005068,0.00729,-0.003502,-0.002496,0.00643,-0.006286,0.010363,0.000599
Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_148__AD_702__Cov_56.92%,0.105855,0.138112,-0.009428,-0.042313,0.007694,-0.013108,0.00517,-0.004846,-0.000614,0.027153,-0.001624,0.006744,-0.012487,-0.003441,-0.006515,0.003978,0.008345,0.003674,0.000126,-0.010755,-0.00549,-0.000989,-0.000986,0.00723,-0.003113
Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_150__AD_642__Cov_56.35%,0.129758,0.13405,0.067127,0.063631,0.040623,0.019801,0.004935,0.011999,0.001841,-0.005649,-0.002273,-3e-04,-0.012339,-0.010597,0.032844,0.004508,-0.022035,0.003294,0.009679,0.006253,0.00574,0.004451,0.001479,0.0194,-0.001197

[Ajeje Brazorf]

delete

[Tacitus]

Distance to: Tacitus_G25sim
0.03256652 Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_136__A D_722__Cov_57.49%
0.03708347 Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_126__A D_718__Cov_42.81%
0.03726011 Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_148__A D_702__Cov_56.92%
0.04243984 Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_106__A D_642__Cov_44.26%
0.05018218 Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_033__A D_642__Cov_52.94%
0.05066465 Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_039__A D_642__Cov_48.93%
0.05105804 Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_099__A D_642__Cov_60.22%
0.05162286 Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_020__A D_702__Cov_46.28%
0.05566665 Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_098__A D_642__Cov_45.47%
0.05694705 Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_081__A D_642__Cov_45.23%
0.05996573 Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_130__A D_633__Cov_45.47%
0.06353464 Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_079__A D_642__Cov_42.29%
0.06553899 Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_035__A D_743__Cov_47.94%
0.07677376 Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_002__A D_642__Cov_47.81%
0.07759193 Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_112__A D_642__Cov_40.97%
0.07942996 Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_095__A D_642__Cov_42.72%
0.08056693 Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_050__A D_640__Cov_48.80%
0.08080049 Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_034__A D_642__Cov_55.42%
0.08198427 Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_008__A D_723__Cov_48.38%
0.08273145 Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_056__A D_642__Cov_33.89%
0.08337516 Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_077__A D_642__Cov_52.01%
0.10651284 Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_017__A D_642__Cov_52.27%
0.12657663 Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_140__A D_642__Cov_46.96%
0.13010632 Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_128__A D_747__Cov_54.63%
0.14008096 Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_143__A D_642__Cov_58.55%

My three closest samples compared to moderns:

Spoiler!

Distance to: Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_148__A D_702__Cov_56.92%
0.02189507 Italian_Basilicata
0.02286644 Italian_Campania
0.02316497 Italian_Calabria
0.02327617 Greek_Cyclades_Milos
0.02378812 Greek_Apulia
0.02487878 Italian_Apulia
0.02517777 Greek_Crete_Lasithi
0.02564155 Italian_Molise
0.02651479 Italian_Abruzzo
0.02664926 Greek_Crete
0.02686403 Greek_Deep_Mani
0.02802050 Greek_Izmir
0.02859043 Ashkenazi_Belarussia
0.02891594 Greek_Cyclades_Tinos
0.02906405 Ashkenazi_Lithuania
0.02910600 Greek_South_Tsakonia
0.02937436 Greek_Kos
0.02975630 Ashkenazi_Russia
0.03046655 Greek_Crete_Heraklion
0.03054754 Greek_Crete_Chania
0.03075474 Sicilian_East
0.03102496 Ashkenazi_Poland
0.03159198 Ashkenazi_Germany
0.03207605 Ashkenazi_Ukraine
0.03218181 Greek_Dodecanese

Distance to: Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_126__A D_718__Cov_42.81%
0.02773069 Italian_Abruzzo
0.02883522 Italian_Molise
0.02900953 Greek_Cyclades_Milos
0.02901562 Italian_Apulia
0.02928685 Italian_Basilicata
0.02971728 Greek_Izmir
0.03015779 Greek_South_Tsakonia
0.03101180 Greek_East_Taygetos
0.03107760 Italian_Campania
0.03149588 Greek_North_Tsakonia
0.03169875 Italian_Marche
0.03180414 Greek_Apulia
0.03186627 Greek_Laconia
0.03191482 Italian_Umbria
0.03281394 Greek_Corinthia
0.03316140 Ukrainian_Zhytomyr_o
0.03321675 Greek_Deep_Mani
0.03346532 Greek_Crete_Lasithi
0.03397396 Greek_Elis
0.03406447 Greek_Argolis
0.03425481 Greek_Achaea
0.03455290 Greek_Messenia
0.03504895 Greek_Peloponnese
0.03515830 Italian_Calabria
0.03537456 Greek_Arcadia

Distance to: Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_136__A D_722__Cov_57.49%
0.02326362 Greek_Apulia
0.02390078 Italian_Abruzzo
0.02434829 Italian_Basilicata
0.02462475 Italian_Campania
0.02472075 Ashkenazi_Belarussia
0.02476420 Italian_Apulia
0.02529768 Greek_Crete
0.02576187 Greek_Izmir
0.02603188 Greek_Crete_Heraklion
0.02650922 Italian_Calabria
0.02651954 Greek_South_Tsakonia
0.02653066 Ashkenazi_Lithuania
0.02661951 Ukrainian_Zhytomyr_o
0.02670550 Greek_Deep_Mani
0.02692430 Italian_Molise
0.02725784 Ashkenazi_Russia
0.02747562 Greek_Cyclades_Milos
0.02807322 Ashkenazi_Poland
0.02828830 Greek_Crete_Lasithi
0.02846101 Ashkenazi_Ukraine
0.02929815 Greek_Laconia
0.02962835 Greek_East_Taygetos
0.03033322 Maltese
0.03036601 Sicilian_East
0.03057209 Greek_Crete_Chania

[Beowulf]

Distance to:	Beowulf_Scaled
0.02303865	Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_008__A D_723__Cov_48.38%
0.02303865	Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_008__A D_723__Cov_48.38%
0.02889965	Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_034__A D_642__Cov_55.42%
0.02889965	Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_034__A D_642__Cov_55.42%
0.02925877	Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_095__A D_642__Cov_42.72%
0.02925877	Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_095__A D_642__Cov_42.72%
0.02956407	Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_035__A D_743__Cov_47.94%
0.02956407	Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_035__A D_743__Cov_47.94%
0.03127737	Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_050__A D_640__Cov_48.80%
0.03127737	Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_050__A D_640__Cov_48.80%
0.03224880	Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_002__A D_642__Cov_47.81%
0.03224880	Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_002__A D_642__Cov_47.81%
0.03238140	Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_077__A D_642__Cov_52.01%
0.03238140	Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_077__A D_642__Cov_52.01%
0.03685835	Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_112__A D_642__Cov_40.97%
0.03685835	Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_112__A D_642__Cov_40.97%
0.03716005	Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_056__A D_642__Cov_33.89%
0.03716005	Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_056__A D_642__Cov_33.89%
0.03849579	Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_130__A D_633__Cov_45.47%
0.03849579	Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_130__A D_633__Cov_45.47%
0.04044188	Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_081__A D_642__Cov_45.23%
0.04044188	Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_081__A D_642__Cov_45.23%
0.04534779	Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_020__A D_702__Cov_46.28%
0.04534779	Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_020__A D_702__Cov_46.28%
0.04628659	Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_039__A D_642__Cov_48.93%

[gixajo]

Target: gixajo_scaled
Distance: 2.2206% / 0.02220631
42.0 Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_008__A D_723__Cov_48.38%
20.8 Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_002__A D_642__Cov_47.81%
14.8 Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_008__A D_723__Cov_48.38%
10.0 Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_002__A D_642__Cov_47.81%
8.6 Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_077__A D_642__Cov_52.01%
3.8 Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_077__A D_642__Cov_52.01%

[Ajeje Brazorf]

Btw I live literally 13/14 km from this site, but I'm originally from the south. I wonder what COL148's ethnic background was...

Distance to:	Ajeje_Brazorf_scaled
0.02698059	Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_148__AD_702__Cov_56.92%
0.03276370	Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_136__AD_722__Cov_57.49%
0.03767143	Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_106__AD_642__Cov_44.26%
0.04244508	Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_126__AD_718__Cov_42.81%
0.05246998	Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_033__AD_642__Cov_52.94%
0.05716060	Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_099__AD_642__Cov_60.22%
0.05752888	Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_020__AD_702__Cov_46.28%
0.05889755	Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_039__AD_642__Cov_48.93%
0.05928805	Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_098__AD_642__Cov_45.47%
0.06067757	Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_079__AD_642__Cov_42.29%
0.06332007	Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_130__AD_633__Cov_45.47%
0.06362281	Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_081__AD_642__Cov_45.23%
0.06923970	Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_035__AD_743__Cov_47.94%
0.08345602	Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_034__AD_642__Cov_55.42%
0.08361091	Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_002__AD_642__Cov_47.81%
0.08496091	Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_095__AD_642__Cov_42.72%
0.08564826	Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_112__AD_642__Cov_40.97%
0.08622989	Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_050__AD_640__Cov_48.80%
0.08711151	Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_008__AD_723__Cov_48.38%
0.08789244	Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_077__AD_642__Cov_52.01%
0.08838482	Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_056__AD_642__Cov_33.89%
0.11416173	Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_017__AD_642__Cov_52.27%
0.13515387	Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_140__AD_642__Cov_46.96%
0.13830266	Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_128__AD_747__Cov_54.63%
0.14839378	Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_143__AD_642__Cov_58.55%

[Tacitus]

Btw I live literally 13/14 km from this site, but I'm originally from the south. I wonder what COL148's ethnic background was...

Distance to:	Ajeje_Brazorf_scaled
0.02698059	Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_148__AD_702__Cov_56.92%
0.03276370	Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_136__AD_722__Cov_57.49%
0.03767143	Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_106__AD_642__Cov_44.26%
0.04244508	Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_126__AD_718__Cov_42.81%
0.05246998	Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_033__AD_642__Cov_52.94%
0.05716060	Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_099__AD_642__Cov_60.22%
0.05752888	Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_020__AD_702__Cov_46.28%
0.05889755	Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_039__AD_642__Cov_48.93%
0.05928805	Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_098__AD_642__Cov_45.47%
0.06067757	Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_079__AD_642__Cov_42.29%
0.06332007	Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_130__AD_633__Cov_45.47%
0.06362281	Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_081__AD_642__Cov_45.23%
0.06923970	Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_035__AD_743__Cov_47.94%
0.08345602	Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_034__AD_642__Cov_55.42%
0.08361091	Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_002__AD_642__Cov_47.81%
0.08496091	Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_095__AD_642__Cov_42.72%
0.08564826	Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_112__AD_642__Cov_40.97%
0.08622989	Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_050__AD_640__Cov_48.80%
0.08711151	Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_008__AD_723__Cov_48.38%
0.08789244	Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_077__AD_642__Cov_52.01%
0.08838482	Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_056__AD_642__Cov_33.89%
0.11416173	Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_017__AD_642__Cov_52.27%
0.13515387	Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_140__AD_642__Cov_46.96%
0.13830266	Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_128__AD_747__Cov_54.63%
0.14839378	Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_143__AD_642__Cov_58.55%

Maybe an over-fit, but...

Target: Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_148__A D_702__Cov_56.92%
Distance: 0.8399% / 0.00839945 | R5P
33.8 GRC_Koufonisi_Cycladic_EBA
30.0 BGR_RomByz
18.8 CHE_FN_steppe_contam
11.6 IRN_Seh_Gabi_LN
5.8 KGZ_Chilpek_IA

"Late Antiquity" Greek?

[JerryS.]

Distance to: JerryS_scaled
0.02554055 Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_128__A D_747__Cov_54.63%
0.03574101 Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_140__A D_642__Cov_46.96%
0.03885507 Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_143__A D_642__Cov_58.55%
0.04214980 Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_017__A D_642__Cov_52.27%
0.04500352 Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_150__A D_642__Cov_56.35%
0.04881575 Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_142__A D_642__Cov_24.32%
0.04987528 Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_112__A D_642__Cov_40.97%
0.05056262 Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_069__A D_642__Cov_59.86%
0.05549701 Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_008__A D_723__Cov_48.38%
0.05708903 Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_095__A D_642__Cov_42.72%
0.05827968 Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_050__A D_640__Cov_48.80%
0.05858145 Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_077__A D_642__Cov_52.01%
0.05895141 Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_034__A D_642__Cov_55.42%
0.05931926 Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_056__A D_642__Cov_33.89%
0.06742023 Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_002__A D_642__Cov_47.81%
0.06801162 Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_035__A D_743__Cov_47.94%
0.07020122 Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_081__A D_642__Cov_45.23%
0.07772353 Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_130__A D_633__Cov_45.47%
0.07821737 Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_039__A D_642__Cov_48.93%
0.07874817 Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_020__A D_702__Cov_46.28%
0.08040876 Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_099__A D_642__Cov_60.22%
0.08230362 Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_079__A D_642__Cov_42.29%
0.08969577 Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_098__A D_642__Cov_45.47%
0.09030762 Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_033__A D_642__Cov_52.94%
0.10977981 Italy_Collegno_Langobards_EarlyMedieval:COL_126__A D_718__Cov_42.81%