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Thread: Grandi architetti italiani all'estero

  1. #11
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    Marco Ruffo
    Marco Ruffo conosciuto come Marco Frjazin o Fryazin (in russo: Марк Фрязин?) è stato un architetto italiano, attivo a Mosca nel XV secolo. Si ritiene che Marco Ruffo abbia operato a Mosca su invito di Ivan III di Russia fra il 1485 e il 1495. Ha progettato diverse torri del Cremlino, tra cui la Beklemishevskaya, la Spasskaya e la Nikolskaya. Nel 1491, insieme a Pietro Antonio Solari, Ruffo ha completato la costruzione del Palazzo delle Faccette.
    Alla fine del XV secolo, Marco Ruffo lavorava come architetto militare a Milano, dove per conto di Ivan III, fu contattato dall'ambasciatore della Repubblica di Venezia. Iniziò così il viaggio verso la Russia e la costruzione del Cremlino.
    Nel 1991, a Mosca è stato festeggiato il 500° del Palazzo delle Faccette in presenza di Rufo Ruffo, discendente di Marco Ruffo.

    https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marco_Ruffo
    Marco Ruffo as known as Marco Fryazin (Марк Фрязин, Марко Фрязин and Марко Руффо in Russian) was an Italian architect active in Moscow in the 15th century.
    The Fryazin title originates from the old Russian word фрязь (fryaz), derived from frank, that was used to denote people from Northern Italy. Beside Marco Ruffo, at least three contemporary Italians had this nickname in Russia: Antonio Fryazin (Antonio Gislardi), Bon Fryazin (Marco Bon), Aleviz Fryazin (Aloisio da Milano).
    One of the chronicles says that Marco Ruffo worked in Moscow in 1485–1495 at the invitation of Ivan III. He built a number of the Kremlin towers, including the Beklemishevskaya, Spasskaya and Nikolskaya towers. In 1491, together with Pietro Antonio Solari, Marco Ruffo finished the construction of the Palace of Facets.

    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marco_Ruffo

    Palace of Facets



    Beklemishevskaya Tower



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    Pietro Francesco
    Pietro Francesco fu un architetto italiano attivo in Russia tra la fine del XV secolo e l'inizio del XVI secolo.
    Conosciuto anche con l'appellativo di Pietro Francesco Frjazin, lavorò alle dipendenze del sovrano Basilio III. Secondo le poche cronache che lo citano, l'architetto giunse a Mosca nel 1494. Tra il 1509 ed il 1511 fu impegnato nella costruzione dell'imponente Cremlino di Nižnij Novgorod, la struttura più importante a cui abbia lavorato e che fu ultimata nel 1515.

    https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pietro_Francesco

    Nizhny Novgorod Kremlin


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    Domenico Martinelli

    Domenico Martinelli (Lucca, 30 novembre 1650 – 11 settembre 1718) è stato un architetto italiano. Ordinato prete, studiò all'Accademia di San Luca di Roma e quindi lavorò intensamente oltre le Alpi, a Varsavia, Praga, nei Paesi Bassi, ma soprattutto in Austria, dove importò l'architettura barocca italiana. A Vienna progettò il Palazzo Liechtenstein (Stadtpalais Liechtenstein, 1692-1702) ispirandosi al Palazzo Chigi-Odescalchi di Gian Lorenzo Bernini e che, con il suo elaborato scalone interno, influenzò l'architettura di numerosi palazzi viennesi. Probabilmente, sempre nella capitale austriaca, si occupò anche del Palazzo Harrach (1690 circa), mentre a lui è attribuito il Palazzo Kaunitz a Slavkov u Brna.
    https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domenico_Martinelli
    Domenico Martinelli (November 30, 1650 – September 11, 1718) was an Italian architect who worked for Carlo Fontana during 1678. He was an evident figure in the shaping of Baroque style in the North Alps. In 2010 a musical tribute called "Project Martinelli" was performed to him in Munich. He was born in Lucca, Tuscany and ordained a priest in his hometown. He studied at the Accademia di San Luca in Rome, where he taught architecture and prospective. In his time he traveled much of Europe, spanning from within Italy, to Austria, Bohemia, Moravia, Poland and the Netherlands. Not as well known as his contemporaries, he often worked with Johann Bernhard Fischer von Erlach and Johann Lukas von Hildebrandt. His influence on the Baroque style was notable in his work Stadtpalais Liechtenstein (Town Palace), in Vienna (1692–1705), which glorifies an elaborate staircase, derived from Bernini's Chigi-Odescalchi Palace, in Rome. He designed the Palais Harrach, Gartenpalais (Garden Palace), and the Kaunitz Palace, in Slavkov (Austerlitz). He introduced the cour d'honneur in the latter. In his later years after teaching at San Luca Academy, he struggled with illness and returned to his home town of Lucca where he died.
    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domenico_Martinelli

    Stadtpalais Liechtenstein, Vienna.



    Slavkov Castle



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    Domenico Merlini

    Domenico Merlini (Castello Valsolda, 22 febbraio 1730 – Varsavia, 20 febbraio 1797) è stato un architetto italiano, attivo principalmente in Polonia nella seconda metà del '700. Merlini, trasferitosi in Polonia nel 1750, lavorò per molti anni costruendo numerosi edifici pubblici e privati a Varsavia ed in altre città polacche, facendosi notare anche a corte. Nel 1768 venne nobilitato e nel 1773 venne nominato Regio Architetto.
    La sua opera più famosa è il Parco Łazienki, nella capitale. Il suo stile, tipico dell'immagine di Varsavia nell'era di Stanislao Augusto Poniatowski, si adattò alla perfezione a quello che fu chiamato classicismo polacco. I lavori di Merlini, che collaborò spesso con Jan Chrystian Kamsetzer, sono manifestamente influenzati da Palladio e contengono abitualmente alcuni elementi tardo-barocchi, come l'abbondante uso di oro.

    https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domenico_Merlini
    Domenico Merlini (Polish: Dominik Merlini) (22 February 1730 – 20 February 1797) was an Italian-Polish architect whose work was mostly in the classical style. From 1750 till his death, Merlini lived in Poland. In 1768, he became a nobleman and later in 1773 the Royal Architect. He is most famous for his Royal Baths Park in Warsaw. He built a number of public and private buildings in Warsaw and other Polish cities, often in collaboration with Jan Chrystian Kamsetzer and Johann Christian Schuch. His style is typical of the Polish classicism in Warsaw in the era of Stanisław August Poniatowski. Merlini was partly influenced by Palladio and carried some late-baroque elements in his work, such as the abundant use of gold.
    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domenico_Merlini

    Myślewicki Palace



    Jabłonna Palace


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    Filippo Juvarra

    Filippo Juvarra (Messina, 27 marzo 1678 – Madrid, 31 gennaio 1736) è stato un architetto e scenografo italiano, uno dei principali esponenti del Barocco, che operò per lunghi anni a Torino come architetto di casa Savoia. L'autorità di cui godeva lo Juvarra, che arrivò addirittura ad essere considerato «architetto delle capitali», attrasse il favore del re spagnolo Filippo V, che chiamò l'architetto messinese a Madrid per il completamento del Palazzo Reale. Fu tuttavia proprio nella capitale iberica, dopo dieci mesi di attività durante i quali si occupò anche del palazzo di Aranjuez e della Granja de San Ildefonso, che Filippo Juvarra morì il 31 gennaio 1736 stroncato da una polmonite (ma secondo Niccolò Gaburri non «senza sospetto di veleno»); sinceramente pianto dai contemporanei, le sue esequie furono celebrate a Madrid a spese della dinastia borbonica, e fu sepolto infine nella chiesa di San Martin y del Sacramento.
    https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filippo_Juvarra
    Filippo Juvarra (7 March, 1678 – 31 January 1736) was an Italian architect and stage set designer, active in a late-Baroque style. He was born in Messina, Sicily, to a family of goldsmiths and engravers. After spending his formative years with his family in Sicily where he designed Messina's festive settings for the coronation of Philip V of Spain and Sicily (1705), Juvarra moved to Rome in 1704. There he studied architecture with Carlo and Francesco Fontana. On Christmas eve in 1734, the ancient Royal Residence of the Alcazar in Madrid was destroyed by fire. This prompted the Bourbon king of Spain, Philip V to request Juvarra to supervise the construction of a new Palace. By April 1735 the architect had moved to Madrid, and began planning for the construction. The plans we have would have created an even larger structure than the present one with ample gardens. The linear facade has a formal rigidity lacking in some of his other works. He additionally executed designs for the façade of the summer palace of Granja de San Ildefonso and for some portions of Palacio Real de Aranjuez. Juvarra however died suddenly by January of 1736, less than nine months after arriving to Spain. While a wooden mockup was built of his plans for the Royal Palace, all his designs there were executed after his death by his pupils, including Giovanni Battista Sacchetti.
    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filippo_Juvarra

    Royal Palace of Madrid


    Royal Palace of La Granja de San Ildefonso

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    Giovanni Francesco Guerniero
    Giovanni Francesco Guerniero (born about 1665 in Rome, Italy, March 19, 1745 ) was an Italian architect and master builder .
    On a grand tour through Italy in 1699/00, the Hessian landgraf Karl met the Roman and engaged him to realize his ideas of a baroque park in Kassel . From 1701 onwards, Guerniero created the Hercules Monument and the associated extensive cascades of the Wilhelmshöhe Mountain Park near Kassel. After the project could not be completed due to lack of planning and lack of money, Guerniero set off again before the construction work was completed.


    Herkules (Kassel)


  5. #15
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    Francesco Primaticcio



    [IT]Francesco Primaticcio, detto il Bologna (Bologna, 30 aprile 1504 – Parigi, 1570), è stato un pittore, architetto e decoratore italiano.
    Allievo di Giulio Romano, del quale fu collaboratore nella decorazione del Palazzo Te a Mantova, tra il 1526 e il 1530 fu fortemente influenzato anche dalle opere giovanili del Parmigianino la cui morbida e raffinata eleganza sono particolarmente evidenziate nei suoi bellissimi disegni, i quali costituiscono l'unica documentazione dello stile dell'artista bolognese.
    Dal 1532, ancora ventottenne, si recò al castello di Fontainebleau su invito del re Francesco I di Francia, dove collaborò col Rosso Fiorentino e, dopo la sua morte nel 1540, gli successe nella carica di "sovrintendente", e con Antonio da Trento. Nel 1533 già dirigeva l'équipe incaricata della decorazione delle camere del re e della regina nel castello di Fontainebleau, che divenne il luogo principale della sua attività per un lungo periodo, durante il quale, con uno stuolo di collaboratori, decorò l'intero castello con affreschi, statue e stucchi, tra cui spiccano il camino decorato (c. 1535), la Porta Dorata, il padiglione di Pomona, la "Salle de Bal", la galleria di Ulisse, la galleria di Enrico II e la cappella dei Guisa. Purtroppo gran parte della sua opera venne distrutta o irrimediabilmente rovinata e sfigurata da restauri e interventi vari.
    Primaticcio operò anche come architetto e di certo con grande competenza, se, nel 1559 fu nominato "surintendent des Batiments du roi" ("sovrintendente dell'edilizia reale"), sostituendo Philibert de l'Orme. Ricostruire questa parte della sua attività non è facile, soprattutto per la distruzione delle principali opere che i documenti gli attribuiscono e cioè la Rotonda dei Valois ed i vari edifici realizzati per il conte di Guisa.

    https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francesco_Primaticcio

    [EN]Francesco Primaticcio (April 30, 1504 – 1570) was an Italian Mannerist painter, architect and sculptor who spent most of his career in France.
    Born in Bologna, he trained under Giulio Romano in Mantua and became a pupil of Innocenzo da Imola, executing decorations at the Palazzo Te before securing a position in the court of Francis I of France in 1532.
    Together with Rosso Fiorentino he was one of the leading artists to work at the Chateau Fontainebleau (where he is grouped with the so-called "First School of Fontainebleau") spending much of his life there. Following Rosso's death in 1540, Primaticcio took control of the artistic direction at Fontainebleau, furnishing the painters and stuccators of his team, such as Nicolò dell'Abate, with designs. He made cartoons for tapestry-weavers and, like all 16th-century court artists, was called upon to design elaborate ephemeral decorations for masques and fêtes, which survive only in preparatory drawings and, sometimes, engravings. Francis I trusted his eye and sent him back to Italy on buying trips in 1540 and again in 1545.
    In Rome, part of Primaticcio's commission was to take casts of the best Roman sculptures in the papal collections, some of which were cast in bronze to decorate the parterres at Fontainebleau.
    Primaticcio retained his position as court painter to Francis' heirs, Henry II and Francis II. His masterpiece, the Salle d'Hercule at Fontainebleau, occupied him and his team from the 1530s to 1559.
    Primaticcio's crowded Mannerist compositions and his long-legged canon of beauty influenced French art for the rest of the century.
    Primaticcio turned to architecture towards the end of his life, his greatest work being the Valois Chapel at the Abbey of Saint-Denis, although this was not completed until after his death and was destroyed in 1719.

    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francesco_Primaticcio

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    Santi Gucci
    [IT]Santi Gucci (Firenze, 1530 – Książ Wielki, 1600) è stato uno scultore e architetto italiano del Rinascimento.
    anti Gucci nel 1550 probabilmente si trasferì da Firenze per la Polonia, dove fu artista di corte dell'ultimo Jagiellone Sigismondo II Augusto, di Anna Jagellona e di Stefano I Báthory.
    Il laboratorio Santi Gucci in Pińczów divenne uno dei centri dell'arte manierista in Polonia. In virtù dei suoi servigi alla corona polacca, fu elevato al titolo nobiliare. Come uno degli architetti di maggior successo e prolifici del suo tempo, costruì un gran numero di palazzi in tutta la Rzeczpospolita, tra il 1565 e il 1585, il castello della famiglia Firlej in Janowiec sul fiume Vistola, per la quale edificò nel 1586 una tomba-monumento manierista a Książ Wielki, nel 1595 il palazzo del vescovo di Cracovia Piotr Myszkowski, il palazzo di Łobszów a Cracovia (1585-1587), senza dubbio il Castello do Baranów Sandomierski a Baranów Sandomierski.
    Altri lavori includono la Cattedrale del Wawel di Cracovia con la piastra tombale per Anna Jagellona, il coro e la tomba di Stefano I Báthory. Nel centro di Cracovia, la ricostruzione della sala capitolare, a Niepołomice la cappella della famiglia Branicki e la cappella di Sant'Anna sopra Pińczów.

    https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Santi_Gucci

    [EN]Santi Gucci (c. 1530-1600) was an Italian architect and sculptor.
    He moved to Poland after 1550, most probably from Florence, and became the court artist of king Sigismund II Augustus of Poland, his queen consort Anna Jagiellonka and his successor Stefan Batory of Poland. Santi Gucci's workshop in Pińczów became a notable school which attracted many future artists and became one of the centres of Mannerist art and culture in Poland. For his merits for the Polish crown he was ennobled, accepted into the ranks of the szlachta and given a Zetynian Coat of Arms.
    One of the most successful and fruitful artists of his epoch, Gucci built or reconstructed a number of palaces of notable people in all parts of the Polish Republic. Among them was the Firlej family castle in Janowiec on the Vistula (1565–1585), for whom he also sculpted a Mannerist tomb in a local parish church (c. 1586). For the Piotr Myszkowski family he erected a new palace in Książ Wielki (1585–1595), Mirów Castle. He also erected the Łobzów palace (1585–1587), in Kraków, and expanded the castle in Pińczów (1591–1600). He is also supposed to be the architect of the Pińczów synagogue.
    One of his most notable works is the integral design and funerary monuments in the Bartolommeo Berrecci's Sigismund's Chapel in the Wawel Cathedral. The chapel, often referred to as the pearl of Italian Renaissance north of the Alps, housed the graves of King Sigismund Augustus of Poland and Anna Jagiellonka. Between 1594 and 1595 he also refurbished the Mariacka Chapel to house the tomb of Stefan Batory. Others among his major works include the Branicki family chapel in Niepołomice (1596) and St. Anne's Chapel in Pińczów.

    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Santi_Gucci

    Castle in Baranów Sandomierski



    St. Anne's Chapel, Pińczów


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