Fact is, there is not just one Europid nose, but I know what you want to hear, it is about the high and narrow rooted, high and narrow, prominent and straight to convex, typically Europid progressive nose and similar forms in Mongoloids - which are basically just flatter and otherwise similar, appear in more progressive variants there as well.
First of all, there is the climatic aspect, a long nose means a long pathway for the air, so if you breath the air will be better cleaned and made "more comfortable" for your lungs and organs.
This is especially a necessity if the air is very dry - cold too, but if its about the cold temperatures, there is a turning point, from a certain coldness on the too exposed nose will suffer from cold and frostbites too often.
Actually a dry and/or variable temperatured (= seasons) climate seems to produce this nasal shape more often than anything else.
But that's just one aspect, the other being the sexual and social selection, the signal character of nasal shapes.
The typical progressive nasal shape signals in a harmonious form intelligent dominance, something you find more often in people which were under strong higher level individual and group selection, warlike, larger - genetically more variable - groups which had to compete for dominance and the best habitats and ressources.
Typically, the exact opposite, the short-broad-concave nose is a signal for subdominance in a non-robust and coarse face at least, and otherwise signals a rather brute force, the opposite of intelligence and refinement.
Also, this kind of nose is favourable for both sexes, because it allows the male to appear dominant in an intelligent way and still refined, the women can be refined and gracile looking too.
So again, this most progressive shape(s) is (are) the result of selection for the optimum of function in design in more developed people which were under strong high level individual and group selection.
How important the design-selection is, can be seen in reduced Armenids:
http://www.theapricity.com/forum/showthread.php?t=16079
Also compare with this:
http://www.theapricity.com/forum/sho...&postcount=346
Examples for progressive traits which signal intelligent dominance plus physical strength, note the nasal shape:
Nordid:
(Atlanto-) Mediterranid:
Dinarid:
Iranid:
Arabid:
(Nord-) Indid:
(Süd-) Äthiopid:
vs. coarse-archaic, not refined nor as intelligent looking "physical strength" (very disadvantageous in females):
vs. reduced, subdominant infantile forms (very disadvantageous in males):
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