The great Yamnaya ladder

[Nurzat]

some considerations and more R modelling:

Yamnaya developed from Khvalynsk (southern Russia) and Sredny Stog (eastern Ukraine).

Sredny Stog are the people that domesticated the horse. Yamnaya was transmitted this, so they were among first populations to be able to cover larger distances shorter.

Khvalynsk was much more EHG (Eastern Hunter Gatherer) than Sredny Stog (the latter had contacts with neighbour farmer culture of Tripolie):

RUS_Khvalynsk_En
RUS_Sidelkino_HG,85.3
Kura-Araxes_ARM_Kaps,7.9
IRN_Ganj_Dareh_N,6.8

UKR_Sredny_Stog_II_En
RUS_Sidelkino_HG,51
Kura-Araxes_ARM_Kaps,27.1
Anatolia_Barcin_N,21.9



Yamnaya seems to have developed more from Khvalynsk while Corded and Beakers more from Sredny Stog, and notice that Mediterranean Beakers were largely of Neolithic farmer stock:

Yamnaya_RUS_Samara
RUS_Khvalynsk_En,65.1
Kura-Araxes_ARM_Kaps,20.4
UKR_Sredny_Stog_II_En,10.5
IRN_Ganj_Dareh_N,4

Yamnaya_UKR
RUS_Khvalynsk_En,53.8
UKR_Sredny_Stog_II_En,24.6
Kura-Araxes_ARM_Kaps,13.5
IRN_Ganj_Dareh_N,8.1

Yamnaya_BGR
UKR_Sredny_Stog_II_En,49.9
Kura-Araxes_ARM_Kaps,27.7
Anatolia_Barcin_N,9.4
WHG,7.3
RUS_Khvalynsk_En,4.8
Nganassan,0.9

Corded_Ware_Baltic
UKR_Sredny_Stog_II_En,49.7
RUS_Khvalynsk_En,23.1
WHG,13.1
Anatolia_Barcin_N,8.8
Kura-Araxes_ARM_Kaps,5.3

Corded_Ware_CZE
UKR_Sredny_Stog_II_En,69.9
RUS_Khvalynsk_En,11.9
Kura-Araxes_ARM_Kaps,9.1
WHG,6.6
Anatolia_Barcin_N,2.5

Bell_Beaker_Rhine-Main
UKR_Sredny_Stog_II_En,54.1
RUS_Khvalynsk_En,17.4
Anatolia_Barcin_N,11.2
WHG,8.5
Kura-Araxes_ARM_Kaps,6.8
Han,1.3
IRN_Shahr_I_Sokhta_BA3,0.7

Bell_Beaker_Scotland
UKR_Sredny_Stog_II_En,82.4
WHG,10.1
Anatolia_Barcin_N,7.5
(RUS_Khvalynsk_En,0)

Bell_Beaker_Iberia
Anatolia_Barcin_N,66.4
WHG,23.8
UKR_Sredny_Stog_II_En,9.8
(RUS_Khvalynsk_En,0)

Bell_Beaker_ITA
Anatolia_Barcin_N,65.5
UKR_Sredny_Stog_II_En,23.3
WHG,11.2
(RUS_Khvalynsk_En,0)

[Jana]

Feiichy
"distance%=4.3833"

Yamnaya_Samara,44
Barcin_N,43.2
WHG,12.8


Stears
"distance%=3.9796"

Yamnaya_Samara,49
Barcin_N,37.6
WHG,9
Anatolia_Tepecik_Ciftlik_N,2.6
Han,1.8

[J. Ketch]

Maybe Sredny Stog II.

[1] "distance%=4.5169"

         Creoda_scaled

UKR_Sredny_Stog_II_En,71.6
Barcin_N,18.2
WHG,10.2

[1] "distance%=4.0375"

         Creoda_scaled

UKR_Sredny_Stog_II_En,70
UKR_N_o,20
WHG,10

[1] "distance%=3.869"

         Creoda_scaled

UKR_Sredny_Stog_II_En,62.6
POL_Globular_Amphora,29.8
Yamnaya_RUS_Samara,4.2
WHG,3.4

[vbnetkhio]

most to least Yamnaya ancestry. I've run it all in R. using Polako's model.

many Orientals seem to have more Yamnaya ancestry than many Europeans

if you have G25 scaled I can run your coordinates to compare with the list.

my take on Udmurts:

"distance%=3.1119"

UKR_Sredny_Stog_II_En,44.4
RUS_Ust_Ida_LN,12
Yamnaya_BGR,6.6
ARM_Areni_C,5.6
Corded_Ware_Baltic,4.2
RUS_Karelia_HG,2.4
RUS_Sosonivoy_HG,2.4
RUS_Sintashta_MLBA_o3,2.2
RUS_Khvalynsk_En,2
RUS_Samara_HG,2
RUS_Tyumen_HG,2
RUS_Lokomotiv_N,1.8
RUS_Baikal_N,1.6
RUS_Shamanka_N,1.2
Yamnaya_UKR,1.2
RUS_Sidelkino_HG,1
Anatolia_Kumtepe_N_low_res,0.8
HRV_Starcevo_LN,0.6
Anatolia_Tepecik_Ciftlik_N,0.4
Bell_Beaker_CZE_o,0.4
Berber_Algeria,0.4
HUN_Sopot_LN,0.4
HUN_Tiszapolgar_ECA,0.4
ROU_C,0.4
UKR_Trypillia_En,0.4
Anatolia_Barcin_C,0.2
BedouinA,0.2
BedouinB,0.2
BGR_Dzhulyunitsa_N,0.2
BGR_Krepost_N,0.2
BGR_Middle_C,0.2
BGR_N,0.2
HRV_Sopot_MN,0.2
HUN_ALPc_III_MN,0.2
HUN_ALPc_Szatmar_MN,0.2
HUN_ALPc_Tiszadob_MN,0.2
HUN_Tisza_LN,0.2
IRN_Hajji_Firuz_C,0.2
RUS_Devils_Gate_Cave_N,0.2
SAHG,0.2
Yoruba,0.2

Total indo-european:
Yamnaya_BGR,6.6
Corded_Ware_Baltic,4.2
Yamnaya_UKR,1.2
Bell_Beaker_CZE_o,0.4
RUS_Sintashta_MLBA_o3,2.2
14.6%

[Jana]

Adding Sredny_Stog instead of Yamnaya worsens my fit.

sample": "Custom:Feiichy_scaled",
"fit": 4.62,

"UKR_Sredny_Stog_II_En": 60.83,
"Anatolia_Barcin_N": 29.17,
"WHG": 10,

So this isn't a good model for steppe admixture.

[vbnetkhio]

Adding Sredny_Stog instead of Yamnaya worsens my fit.

sample": "Custom:Feiichy_scaled",
"fit": 4.62,

"UKR_Sredny_Stog_II_En": 60.83,
"Anatolia_Barcin_N": 29.17,
"WHG": 10,

So this isn't a good model for steppe admixture.

of course, sredny stog were pre-indo-european EHGs.
Udmurts score a lot of it, really makes sense.

[vbnetkhio]

now germans:
[1] "distance%=0.8268"

German

DEU_Alberstedt_LN,17.8
Wales_CA_EBA,13.4
Bell_Beaker_Bavaria,13.2
Bell_Beaker_HUN_EBA,9.4
Bell_Beaker_Scotland,5.2
DEU_BenzigerodeHeimburg_LN,3.6
Bell_Beaker_CZE,3.4
DEU_Halberstadt_LBA,3.4
Bell_Beaker_NLD,3
Bell_Beaker_CZE_o,2.6
Yamnaya_BGR,2.6
Corded_Ware_DEU,2.2
Corded_Ware_Proto-Unetice_POL,1.8
Bell_Beaker_Mittelelbe-Saale,1.6
Corded_Ware_Baltic,1.6
Corded_Ware_Baltic_early,1.4
Anatolia_Kumtepe_N_low_res,1
Bell_Beaker_England_EBA,1
Corded_Ware_POL,1
Bell_Beaker_HUN,0.6
DEU_LBK_N,0.6
Bell_Beaker_HUN_EBA_o,0.4
BGR_Middle_C,0.4
HUN_Bu_kk_MN,0.4
HUN_Koros_N,0.4
HUN_Protoboleraz_LCA,0.4
HUN_Sopot_LN,0.4
HUN_Starcevo_N,0.4
Levant_ISR_C,0.4
ROU_C,0.4
RUS_Devils_Gate_Cave_N,0.4
SRB_N,0.4
UKR_N_o,0.4
Anatolia_Barcin_N,0.2
Anatolia_Tepecik_Ciftlik_N,0.2
AUT_LBK_N,0.2
BGR_C,0.2
BGR_MP_N,0.2
CZE_Bilina_N_Baalberge,0.2
CZE_MN,0.2
CZE_N,0.2
GRC_N,0.2
Han,0.2
HRV_Cardial_N,0.2
HRV_Sopot_MN,0.2
HUN_ALPc_I_MN,0.2
HUN_ALPc_III_MN,0.2
HUN_ALPc_Szakalhat_MN,0.2
HUN_ALPc_Tiszadob_MN,0.2
HUN_Baden_LCA,0.2
HUN_Balaton_Lasinja_CA,0.2
HUN_LBK_MN,0.2
HUN_LCA,0.2
HUN_Lengyel_LN,0.2
HUN_Tisza_LN,0.2
Iberia_Central_CA_Afr,0.2
UKR_Sredny_Stog_II_En,0.2

Total indo-european:
Yamnaya_BGR,2.6
Bell_Beaker_Bavaria,13.2
Bell_Beaker_HUN_EBA,9.4
Bell_Beaker_Scotland,5.2
Bell_Beaker_CZE,3.4
Bell_Beaker_NLD,3
Bell_Beaker_CZE_o,2.6
Bell_Beaker_Mittelelbe-Saale,1.6
Bell_Beaker_England_EBA,1
Bell_Beaker_HUN,0.6
Bell_Beaker_HUN_EBA_o,0.4
Corded_Ware_DEU,2.2
Corded_Ware_Proto-Unetice_POL,1.8
Corded_Ware_Baltic,1.6
Corded_Ware_Baltic_early,1.4
Corded_Ware_POL,1
70,8%

Udmurts more Indo European than Indo europeans? i don't think so.

[J. Ketch]

Adding Sredny_Stog instead of Yamnaya worsens my fit.

sample": "Custom:Feiichy_scaled",
"fit": 4.62,

"UKR_Sredny_Stog_II_En": 60.83,
"Anatolia_Barcin_N": 29.17,
"WHG": 10,

So this isn't a good model for steppe admixture.

It improves fits for NW Euro's at least. Maybe SE/SC Europeans are more Yamnaya and Northerners more SS?

[1] "distance%=4.3799"

Feodora_scaled

Anatolia_Barcin_N,40
Yamnaya_RUS_Samara,35.6
WHG,12.2
UKR_Sredny_Stog_II_En,12
Han,0.2

[Jana]

It improves fits for NW Euro's at least. Maybe SE/SC Europeans are more Yamnaya and Northerners more SS?

[1] "distance%=4.3799"

Feodora_scaled

Anatolia_Barcin_N,40
Yamnaya_RUS_Samara,35.6
WHG,12.2
UKR_Sredny_Stog_II_En,12
Han,0.2

Thanks Yes, can be. We have quite more CHG than north Euros have. Also in Balkans Yamnaya type of R1b is common.
I tried model myself with Corded_Ware DEU and it gave me better fit.

For NW Europeans Bell Beaker is best fit for steppe input ?

[vbnetkhio]

interesting, in my models, where all yamnaya samples (from Ukraine, Kazakhstan, Russia and Bulgaria) are in the spreadsheet, everybody who i've run so far gets only Bulgarian Yamnaya