3
These are 4 results of Kurds from my linguistically and religiously diverse but (seemingly) autosomally homogeneous home town of Sarpole Zahab, Kermanshah province, Iran. Or Sarpeli Zahaw as it's locally known. It's where the ancient town of Hulwan used to be.
Historically we have strong ties to Kalar & Diyala/Sirwan river on the other side of the Iran-Iraq border, besides the other towns in the Kermanshah province of course.
https://imgur.com/EYy9eDi.jpg
Language: Central & Southern Kurdish, formerly Gorani
Tribal background: Jaf, Goran, Kalhor
Religious background: Sunni, Shia, Yarsanism
Very similar results despite the linguistic and religious diversity, but this is not entirely surprising.
The mass conversion to Shi'ism in Kermanshah occurred very late compared to other provinces. Qajar, as opposed to the Savafid period. Also, intermarriages between the different religious groups are common compared to elsewhere in Middle East
It's pretty ordinary West Iranian results, but one thing that stands out for me is the relatively high Atlantic_Med score.
It's higher than among most Kurds who live much further west and even higher than among some Assyrians.
I associate high Atlantic_Med score among Middle Easterners with Levantine admixture, but I don't notice any Levant-shift in this case. The oracles on the GEDMatch calculators prefer Iranian/Kurdish + a tiny bit of Sardinian, Greek or some other Mediterranean group.
That seemed ridiculous at first considering the geographical distance but not as implausible after I took a look at the Wiki page of Hulwan:
Hulwan (Persian: حلوان) was an ancient town on the Zagros Mountains in western Iran, located on the entrance of the Paytak Pass, nowadays identified with the town of Sarpol-e Zahab.
History
Later Arab tradition, as recorded by al-Tabari, considered the town a Sasanian foundation dating to Kavadh I (reigned 488–496, 498–531), but it is far more ancient: it was known since Assyrian times as Khalmanu, when it lay on the border between Babylonia and Media.[1] To the Seleucids, it was known as Chala (Greek: Χάλα) and was the capital of the district of Chalonitis (Χαλωνῖτις).[1][2][3] According to Diodorus Siculus, the name derives from the settlement of Greek captives from Boeotia by Xerxes, who founded the town of Celonae or Kelonai (Κέλωναι).[3]
Under the Sasanian Empire, the district of Hulwan was called [Khusraw] Shad Peroz ("the joy of Khusraw the victorious"), and the city itself probably Peroz Kavad ("victorious Kavad"). After the Muslim conquest of Persia, the words were Arabicized and became known as: [Khusraw] Shadh Firuz and Firuz Qubadh. Although like the rest of Media it belonged to the quarter (kust) of the North, under Khosrau II (r. 590–628) it was included in the quarter of the West, along with Mesopotamia, as the Sasanian rulers began to use the Zagros Mountains as a summer retreat away from the capital of Ctesiphon on the Mesopotamian plain.[4]
After the Battle of Qadisiyya in 636, the last Sasanian ruler, Yazdegerd III (r. 632–651), took refuge in Hulwan for a while during his flight from Ctesiphon.[1][5] After another heavy defeat at the Battle of Jalula in 637, Yazdegerd left Hulwan for the eastern provinces of his realm,[6][7] and the town fell into the hands of the pursuing Arabs under Jarir ibn Abdallah Bajali in 640.[8] In the early 640s, the town was of strategic importance as a frontier post between the Mesopotamian lowlands and the still Sasanian-controlled Iranian plateau, and was garrisoned by troops, including Persian defectors (the Khamra), who were settled there under the Rashidun caliphs.[4]
In the early Islamic period, until the 10th century, the town is described "as a flourishing town in a fertile district producing much fruit" (L. Lockhart).[1] It was situated on the Khurasan Road, and was the first town of the Jibal province to be met travelling eastwards from Baghdad.[9] Nevertheless, as in Sasanian times, it was fiscally tied to the Mesopotamian lowlands (the Sawad).[10] Under Mu'awiya I (r. 661–680) it became the capital of western Jibal (Mah al-Kufa).[10]
According to the 10th-century traveller Ibn Hawqal, the town was half the size of Dinavar, and its houses were built of both stone and bricks. Though the climate was hot, dates, pomegranates and figs grew abundantly. According to the 10th-century hudud al-'alam the town's figs were dried and widely exported, while al-Muqaddasi adds that the town was surrounded by a wall with eight gates, and included, alongside a mosque, a Jewish synagogue.[11]
The town was also a metropolitan province of the Church of the East between the 8th and 12th centuries.
Around the turn of the 11th century, the town was governed by the semi-independent Annazid dynasty, until they were expelled by the Kakuyids.[1][12] It was taken and burned by the Seljuq Turks in 1046, while an earthquake in 1049 completed the town's destruction. Although rebuilt, it never recovered its former prosperity, and is now the town of Sarpol-e Zahab.[1]
Reply With Quote
Originally Posted by Leto
Bookmarks