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If I remember correctly Tolkein or his son stated that the series was not based off any real world events or ideology. The great thing about a piece of literature is that the reader can fill in the blanks or take a completely different message than the other person. Which is why there was Soviet prints of his books. A good example is how 90% of action movies can be seen as derivatives of the Odyssey or the Odyssey can be argued a derivative of the story of Jonah etc. A good trope leaves things to the imagination and follows an interesting and relatable narrative.
Reminds me of a post where someone made the argument that nobody is creative because it has all been done before and originality is the sinew of creativity which is absurd. Creativity 90% of the time is taking something old and turning it into something fresh. A small change in detail and perspective can change the entire meaning of it. The movies Star Wars was inspired by and essentially copied story wise and even to some extent aesthetically didn't change its magnanimous creativity and re visioning. You can't look at true art through a single lens.
One final example of my opinion is how the series can be looked at from a communist perspective, the weak, drunken bottom class hobbit rises through his chains of oppression to save the world from the oppressive fascist Sauran (upper class) and the greedy, glutenous, indifferent and often traitorous men (Middle Class). The narrative is written in the mind of the reader for the series.
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